Νew Technologies and Innovation Development in Russia

Physicists from MIPT found "forgotten" material, which can become the basis for high-speed quantum Internet. In an  article published in the leading journal on quantum technologies Nature Partner Journal Quantum Information, it is shown how to increase to more than 1 Gb / s the speed of information transfer over a channel completely protected by the laws of physics, and make the quantum Internet as fast as the classical one.

The whole world is racing to create quantum computers. It has long been involved in industrial giants Google, IBM, Microsoft and the leading international research centers and universities. It is not known yet when such devices will appear, but the world is preparing for their appearance. The fact is that a quantum computer can cause a revolution in the field of information security. Confidentiality of transmitted information (personal correspondence, banking information, etc.), is provided today with encryption algorithms, for breaking into which a classical supercomputer will take years. It is expected that a quantum computer can do this in a fraction of a second.

Fortunately, an "antidote" has already been proposed that allows 100% protection of transmitted information from quantum computers and, in general, of all kinds of attacks. We are talking about quantum cryptography, the stability of which is ensured not by the complexity of deciphering, but by the laws of quantum physics. Its principle is based on the inability to create a copy of an unknown quantum state without changing the original. Therefore, the line of quantum communication can not be listened to unnoticed by the sender and the recipient. A quantum computer here does not help attackers - even if they intercept transmitted data, this is immediately known, and stealthily stealing information will not come out.

Transmit information best with the help of quanta of light - photons, - carrying quantum bits. It is extremely important to use single photons, otherwise the attacker will be able to intercept additional photons and receive a copy of the message. The principle of generating single photons is quite simple. An excited quantum system can go over to the ground state with the emission of exactly one quantum of light. It remains only to find a quantum system suitable for practical use. This is the whole complexity. For example, quantum dots work well only at very low temperatures (of the order of -200 ° C), and ultramodern two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, simply can not often emit photons under electric excitation.

The solution of the researchers from MIPT consists in using the material already forgotten in optoelectronics - silicon carbide. "In 2014, we almost accidentally drew attention to silicon carbide and immediately appreciated its potential,  " says Dmitry Fedyanin , senior research fellow at the Laboratory of Nanooptics and Plasmonics. However, according to him, for the first time one-photon electroluminescence in this semiconductor was obtained in 2015 by a group of scientists from Australia.

Strangely enough, it was silicon carbide that started the modern optoelectronics: it was the first to observe electroluminescence (glow when electric current was passed), in the 1920s the first light-emitting diodes were demonstrated on its basis, and in the 1970s, They were produced in the USSR on an industrial scale. However, in the 1980s, silicon carbide was completely displaced from optoelectronics by direct-gap semiconductors and was almost forgotten, so today it is better known as a very hard and heat-resistant material from which electrical components, bulletproof vests and brake pads of Porsche, Lamborghini and Ferrari supercars are manufactured.

Dmitry Fedyanin and colleagues from the laboratory of nanooptics and plasmonicsThe center of photonics and two-dimensional materials of MIPT in their work investigated the physics of single-photon electroluminescence of color centers in silicon carbide and developed a theory that explains and accurately reproduces experimental results. Color centers are point defects of the crystal lattice, which have an optical transition in the spectral region where the defect-free crystal is transparent. They play a key role in single-photon electroluminescence. Using the developed theory, the researchers showed how to improve the carbide-silicon single-photon LED to increase the photon emission rate to several billion per second. This is what is required for the implementation of protocols of quantum cryptography at a speed of about 1 Gbit / s. Two other authors of the study, Igor Khramtsov and Andrei Vishnevy, pay attention to the fact that, most likely, in the future there will be other materials that will approach silicon carbide in terms of the brightness of single-photon radiation, but unlike silicon carbide, devices from them can not be manufactured industrially in the same technological process as most modern microcircuits. Thanks to compatibility withCMOS process, single-photon sources based on silicon carbide are practically unattainable for competing materials and can solve the problem of low-capacity quantum communication lines.


The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 17-79-20421.

MOSCOW, May 10 - RIA Novosti. "Roskosmos" will present the project of a system of covering the Earth with high-speed access to the Internet, the announcement of the state corporation says.

Thus, in Russia, a competitor OneWeb Satellites can be created - a joint project of Airbus and OneWeb companies, the medium-orbit European system O3b, supervised by SES, and American Starlink owned by SpaceX (the company Ilona Mask).
The presentation will be held on May 22, Roskosmos reports.

"The project of creating a national system for covering the Earth's territory with high-speed Internet access and providing a continuous communication channel for unmanned vehicles, an" Internet of things "and secure data transmission will be presented," the report says.

The presentation will address the general director of Roskosmos Igor Komarov. Its moderator will be executive director for business development and commercialization of the corporation Anton Zhiganov.

According to RIA Novosti Zhiganov, the Roskosmos project will complement the OneWeb system and will be the next stage in the development of Russia's space communications systems. He stressed that by creating a national Internet access system, Roscosmos does not refuse further cooperation with international partners on OneWeb.

"Russian OneWeb"
s told by RIA Novosti source in the rocket and space industry, it is a project of a global multifunctional information satellite system (GMISS). Initially, the initiative to create the system belongs to the company "Russian Space Systems."
As reported by the media, the implementation of the project until 2020 will require 299 billion rubles. To this end, until June 2018, a consortium with the participation of Roskosmos, Vnesheconombank and other organizations should be established. The first stage of development work with the development and manufacture of prototype components of the system should be completed by the end of 2020.

Nearest competitors

Rossvyaz is concerned about the high proportion of foreign electronics in satellites
The British OneWeb system is based on the work of 672 satellites located in two circular orbits (800 and 950 kilometers). Another important component of the project is the gateway stations, which will distribute the Internet in the territories served. Originally planned to build fifty stations, and in the future they should be located at a distance of about 2,5 thousand kilometers from each other around the world.
OneWeb LLC plans to raise up to $ 3 billion of private capital and already secured the support of many influential corporations to manufacture satellites (including a reserve, about 900 spacecraft), pay for start-up services and construction of a terrestrial term and control center.

The first satellites of OneWeb will be launched on the Soyuz from the Kourou cosmodrome in 2018
In addition to OneWeb, competing projects of the "heavenly Internet" are actively implemented.
With the Soyuz rockets, four satellites of the medium-orbit system O3b, which are also designed to provide high-speed Internet, were orbited three times into orbit. This is a European system overseen by the SES corporation. The next launch of the program is scheduled for 2019. The cost of O3b is estimated at one billion dollars.

Another competing project is Starlink, owned by SpaceX (the company Ilona Mask). The practical implementation of the project began on February 22, 2018, when the Falcon-9 rocket launched two test satellites - Tintin-A and Tintin-B - into orbit. In total, Mask plans to launch about 12,000 satellites. SpaceX estimated the costs of implementing the project Starlink at ten billion dollars, but experts believe this figure is too low.

flamming_python wrote: It's more like $5 billion.

Russian-made smartphones using domestic OS to go on sale in 2019


INNOPOLIS, May 21. /TASS/. Sales of smartphones made in Russia and based on the mobile operating system Sailfish OS will begin in 2019, President of the Russian communications services provider Rostelecom Mikhail Oseevsky told TASS on Monday.
In March, Rostelecom took control of the developers of the mobile operating system Sailfish OS and Sailfish Mobile OS Rus. The company signed the purchase and sale agreements on the acquisition of 75% of the shares in Open Mobile Platform LLC and 75% in Votron LLC.

When asked by TASS when the smartphone sales will start Oseevsky said:

"In 2019. They are in production already, now they are being tested in a number of ministries and departments. They already exist. This solution is primarily aimed at ensuring the country’s information sovereignty and data protection."

Sailfish Mobile OS Rus is the first domestic mobile operating system. It is based on the open platform Sailfish (developed by Finland’s Jolla, which is set up by former Nokia employees). According to the developers, devices based on the Sailfish Mobile OS Rus system will be able to ensure the security of data transfer in public and corporate sectors as well as for ordinary consumers who are interested in confidentiality. The OS can be installed on any mobile device. It successfully passed certification tests at the Federal Security Service of Russia (FSB) and was registered by the Federal Intellectual Property, Patent and Trademark Service and included into the register of domestic software.

ST. PETERSBURG, May 24. /TASS/. Russian communications services provider Rostelecom and Nokia signed a memorandum on the establishment of a joint venture to develop solutions for various markets of innovative technologies. The memorandum was signed on the sidelines of the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF-2018).

ST. PETERSBURG, May 24. /TASS/. VimpelCom [Beeline brand] and China’s Huawei agreed upon a strategic partnership in the sphere of pilot testing and integration of 4.5G and 5G process solutions and the Internet of Things for the term of two years. The parties signed a relevant agreement at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF).

Sales of Russian smartphones based on Sailfish OS will begin in 2019

As stated in the company "Rostelecom", new domestic smartphones will be able to ensure the security of data transmission in the public sector, the corporate sphere and for individuals
INNOPOLIS, May 21. / Corr. Rustam Kilsinbaev. Sales of domestic smartphones based on the mobile operating system Sailfish OS will begin next year, TASS reported on Monday the president of PJSC "Rostelecom" Mikhail Oseevsky.

"In 2019," Oseevsky said, answering the TASS correspondent's question about when the smartphone sales could start. "They already exist, now they are being tested in a number of ministries and departments-all this already exists, it's not a theory, it's practice. <...> This is a specialized solution, primarily aimed at ensuring the information sovereignty of the country, protecting information. "

As reported, in March of this year, Rostelecom received control over the developer of the mobile operating system Sailfish OS and Sailfish Mobile OS Rus. The company signed the purchase and sale agreements on the acquisition of 75% of the shares in Open Mobile Platform LLC and 75% in Votron LLC.

Sailfish Mobile OS Rus - the first domestic mobile operating system, is based on the open platform Sailfish (developed by Finnish Jolla, created by former employees of Nokia). According to the developers, devices based on Sailfish Mobile OS Rus will be able to ensure the security of data transfer in the public sector, the corporate sector and for ordinary consumers who are interested in confidentiality. The OS can be installed on any mobile devices, successfully passed the certification tests of the FSB of Russia, registered by Rospatent and entered into the register of domestic software.



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PapaDragon wrote:

kvs wrote:......(Watch SG-1 to see
how people in the west are brainwashed.)

I wouldn't watch SG-1 even if they paid me to watch it and made all protagonists Serbs (forget Russians)

That show is insult to both SF genre and source material.