Germany and the Netherlands complete the integration of ground forces
The Netherlands and Germany are implementing joint plans for the development, improvement and integration of the organizational structure of their ground forces. These plans provide for the unification of some structures of the two armies, as well as the transfer of the main units and formations of the Royal Netherlands Army to the operational subordination of the Bundeswehr formations. Some of the organizational measures of this kind have already been completed, and the rest are being carried out right now.
United Corps
Germany and the Netherlands decided to unite some army structures back in 1991, and in 1993 a corresponding agreement appeared. In accordance with this document, one of the corps of the ground forces of the FRG was united with a similar unit of the Netherlands. The resulting formation was called the 1st German-Dutch Corps (1GNC).
The integration of the corps began with the unification of their headquarters into a single structure. Initially, several divisions of various kinds from the two countries were subordinate to this headquarters. Quite quickly, the 1GNC headquarters entered the general structures of NATO as one of the main command centers. In the future, the corps underwent various changes, received various formations into submission or lost them, etc.
At present, the 1st German-Dutch Corps is in fact only an administrative structure. Only the headquarters and support units are constantly present in its composition. There are no regular combat units and formations - they are planned to be attached to the corps as part of the deployment. The composition and number of formations will be determined in accordance with the plans drawn up and the situation that has arisen. The total number of 1GNC personnel now does not exceed 1 thousand people.
Over the three decades of its existence, 1GNC and its formations have repeatedly been involved in exercises and other events of various sizes. In addition, it is entrusted with various tasks of management and training in peacetime. Thus, the Corps Headquarters plays a leading role in organizing the NATO Rapid Reaction Force in Europe.
New stage
The next steps in the integration of the two armies were made in the middle of the last decade against the backdrop of a deteriorating military-political situation on the continent. The Netherlands and Germany decided to respond to the "Russian threat" by a new unification of their structures. The first agreements of this kind appeared in 2014, and real measures were taken at the same time. In the future, such processes continued.
This time, a different way of integrating the troops was proposed. The creation of joint corps or other formations is not envisaged. The two armies maintain the desired organizational structure and in peacetime continue to serve in a regular manner. At the same time, key units and formations of one army can be transferred to the operational subordination of the structures of another. First of all, it was planned to resubordinate the Dutch formations to the Bundeswehr.
Such integration began already in 2014. Then the 11th Airmobile Brigade of the Netherlands (11 Luchtmobiele Brigade) came under the command of the Rapid Reaction Division (Division Schnelle Kräfte) of Germany. At the same time, the brigade remained in its place in the Dutch city of Arnhem, but orders come from the German headquarters in Stadtallendorf.
In 2016 , the 43rd Mechanized Brigade of the Netherlands (43 Gemechaniseerde Brigade) came under the command of the German 1st Panzer Division (1. Panzerdivision). At the same time, the 414th tank battalion of the Bundeswehr was included in the brigade. The battalion underwent some restructuring and became "international" - now it has two German companies from Germany and one from the Netherlands.
In almost all cases, the Dutch formations were taken over by the Germans, but there was one exception. So, in 2018, the Flugabwehrraketengruppe 61 anti-aircraft missile regiment from the Bundeswehr was reassigned to the Royal Army Joint Air Defense Command (DGLC).
"Shared Vision of the Army"
Right now, the two countries are carrying out new activities to integrate large connections. They are carried out in accordance with the new Common Army Vision plan (“Common Army Vision”), adopted at the end of November last year. Some details of this document are already known, as well as the start of the implementation of the proposed measures.
According to foreign media reports, the Dutch 13th Light Brigade (13 Lichte Brigade) is now being transferred under the command of the German 10th Panzer Division (10. Panzerdivision). Connection integration will be completed by the end of April. In just a few weeks, the 13th Brigade will be able to resume full-fledged service, but under a different command.
New plans to transfer formations under the control of an ally have not yet been reported. Perhaps such measures are only being worked out, and they cannot yet be disclosed. In addition, it cannot be ruled out that the processes of "exchange" of units and formations are close to completion due to the specifics of the organizational and staff structure of the two armies.
Three Brigades
The processes and prospects for the integration of the two armies to a large extent depend on the state of the ground forces of the Netherlands. The fact is that they are not distinguished by a large number or a complex organizational and staff structure. Therefore, even the complete "unification" of the Royal Army and the Bundeswehr comes down to just a few basic steps.
Currently, the ground forces of the Netherlands have only three "linear" brigades, equipped with infantry, armored vehicles, artillery, etc. There is also a combined German-Dutch Corps. They are supplemented by a commando corps, a joint air defense command and several auxiliary and training formations.
The main forces of the Royal Army in the form of the 11th airmobile, 13th light and 43rd mechanized brigades should come under the operational control of the Bundeswehr. Two brigades are already integrated with the German army, and the third is going through this process right now. In addition, limited measures have been taken to unite the air defense of the two countries.
Obviously, there are virtually no opportunities for further integration of the ground forces of Germany and the Netherlands. All the main formations are already united in organizational terms, and similar measures in relation to auxiliary structures, apparently, do not make sense.
Desired result
In general, the integration of the two armies is aimed at increasing the overall defense capability of the countries. Such results were planned to be obtained due to the high number of united formations and groups, as well as with the help of their unified control. At the same time, both allied countries expected to receive their benefits.
First of all, such cooperation is interesting for the Netherlands. The royal army is not distinguished by high numbers and fighting efficiency, and therefore it needs foreign help. So, no more than 23-25 thousand people are in the service. Until recently, there were only 18 Leopard 2 main tanks, over 400 armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles, approx. 70 main types of artillery systems, etc.
With all this, quantitative and qualitative indicators have deteriorated in recent years. In 2022, the Netherlands transferred a significant part of its weapons to Ukraine, and deliveries should continue this year. The consequences of new episodes of assistance are clear and predictable. As a result, to ensure its own security and counter the notorious Russian threat, the Dutch government resorts to various types of international cooperation.
The German Bundeswehr also cannot boast of large numbers and high levels of combat readiness, and the latest arms shipments to Ukraine have worsened the situation. But in this case, in all respects, it surpasses the armed forces of the Netherlands. The integration of the two armies allows the German side to strengthen the existing formations and structures, as well as improve the overall defense performance.
Development of cooperation
Thus, Germany and the Netherlands are expanding and developing cooperation in the military sphere. There are and are being implemented several agreements of a military-technical nature, ensuring the re-equipment of the Royal Army. Various joint exercises are regularly held, both German-Dutch and larger ones within NATO. In addition, for several years there have been active work on the integration of the two armies.
To date, the bulk of the combat formations of the ground forces of the Netherlands have come under the control of the Bundeswehr, and the last events of this kind will be completed in the near future. Accordingly, the two countries will soon have the opportunity to fully evaluate the results of such cooperation. What the conclusions will be is not yet known.
https://topwar-ru.translate.goog/212909-germanija-i-niderlandy-zavershajut-integraciju-suhoputnyh-vojsk.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en