Physics General Subjects Thread

kvs wrote:http://amasci.com/tesla/tmistk.html

Nice piece on Tesla's longitudinal waves.

Tesla's mistake was not really so big. Especially not a big mistake when compared to those contemporary scientists who were absolutely certain that the Earth *didn't* have any resonant frequencies, who *knew* that radio waves would not travel around the curve of the Earth, and who dismissed Tesla's wireless transmission system as crackpottery; as an unworkable violation of known physics. When "Schumann" VLF earth-resonance was rediscovered in the 1950s, nobody in the conventional sciences dared court the embarassment of admitting that Tesla had been right all along.

Tesla is mostly a hero among the non-scientist "underground," while in conventional circles he is still ridiculed for trying to distribute electric power without using wires, or rather, by sending it through the ground. Everyone (still) knows that this is impossible, even in theory.

Yeah, right.

 

Tesla was a true genius and not kind of genius, everyone says to even above average intelligence.

Tesla has made lot of theories based upon his work that were ridiculed but were proven many years after his death and till this date lot of his theories become accepted and even expanded beyond.

Electromangetism is really fascinating and there are lot of fields where it can be used, since we live on a big mangetic field that not only gives possibility for life by withstanding solar radiation, but it also influences the shape and form, organisms of polyc ellular basis and how they are forming. Like a test with trouts from the same fish in two different fish tanks, with identical oxygen in water, temperature and food. The only difference was one fish tank was surrounded by a mangetic field that was simulating the earth's magnetic fields power based on what scientists believe it was in jurrasic times. The fishes in the artificial magnetic field grew different, with more muscles, the sceletton was more robust which gave the trouts a more "neanderthalian" look, they also had some more resillient attributes to changes of their environment unlike the normal trouts that died off quicker by changing water temperatures. So the earth's EM field not only affects electric circuits but also organisms, since we all are nothing else but EM fields ourselfs, it also affects the brain.

Here would be a nice topic to speak about quantum physics relativity nuclear reactors all kind of accelerators energy that could be produced trought them and all latest high level physics.

Thanks for starting up this topic.

Here is a list of unresolved yet problems in physics
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics

Need for Speed: Star Trek Warp Drive is Within Our Grasp

Interesting

George1 wrote:Need for Speed: Star Trek Warp Drive is Within Our Grasp

Interesting

If you read through this article you will realize that there is a big "IF" out here.

IF they can find the Dark Matter in the first place. Only dark matter has negative energy density to make Warp speed possible (according to them). Sounds like a sales pitch to fund their project.

US scientists announce discovery of Einstein’s gravitational waves

Gravitational waves, which are ripples in space and time, were first detected at the US-based Laser Interferometer

WASHINGTON, February 11. /TASS/. US scientists on Thursday announced the discovery of gravitational waves predicted by Albert Einstein in his theory of general relativity a century ago.

Gravitational waves, which are ripples in space and time, were first detected at the US-based Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) in September 2015.

Prominent English scientist Stephen Hawking hailed the landmark discovery expected to revolutionize astronomy.

"It is a result that is at least as important as the discovery of the Higgs Boson," Hawking commented on his Facebook account. "With LIGO's increased sensitivity, we can expect many more detections, all improving our knowledge about how the universe works," Hawking added.

Valery Mitrofanov, a physics professor at Moscow State University, said a team of Russian scientists joined the LIGO project back in 1992.

"We will fully realize the importance of this discovery later, as it was with the electromagnetic waves," he said.

More:
http://tass.ru/en/science/856071

kvs wrote:http://www.sciencealert.com/it-s-official-nasa-s-peer-reviewed-em-drive-paper-has-finally-been-published

Oh my!  The above is a true revolution in science.   Basically, quantum mechanics can be interpreted in different ways
and we live under the Copenhagen dogma.   But pilot wave pseudo-determinism has been slowly gaining ground.  One
can actually get all the main quantization effects in a classical fluid system including the self-interference in the double
slit experiment, discrete orbitals, etc.   Now we have a device that cannot be explained within the existing dogma and
directly supports the wave-guide paradigm.  

Quantum theory is as weird as it gets. Until resolving its issues I dont believe we will be able to say Copenhagen theory is correct or not as well as any other.

We can not say that any one is more correct than the other until proven but than we will know

But physicist are stuck and it seems that only building much more powerful accelerators is the way to solve the problem.

Any thoughts about this news?

https://z5h64q92x9.net/proxy_u/ru-en.ru/https/vpk.name/news/259232_antigravitacii_nashli_rabotu.html

– What is the principle of the quantum engine?

Vladimir Leonov: first of all I would like to note that the company "Kvanton" fulfilled its mission: created the fundamental theory of superbadiste, on which is based the principle of operation of the quantum engine. The successful testing of the HPC confirmed the validity of our theory, which justifies the new physical principles. The work of the clinic is simple and based on the creation of the thrust force due to the spatial gradient of energy. We have found that outer space "bottled" the enormous energy in the form of the global electromagnetic field from small discreteness (quantization), which previously nothing was known. This global field is open to me in 1996 as the fifth fundamental force (superpower) in the form of the superstrong electromagnetic interaction (CMEA). Its carrier is the quantum space-time (kvanton), the size of which is ten orders of magnitude smaller than an atomic nucleus, but it concentrates energy, much more than nuclear.

The quantum drive is repelled from the global fields of the CMEA due to the deformation in the desired direction (curvature Einstein) quantized space-time, creating an artificial gravitational force (pull). The General reader may not understand everything, but it is fundamentally new knowledge.

Thanks kvs, I admit I have essentially no clue about quantum mechanics, but this supposed history-changing engine being talked about in some random Russian page is not convincing me that much either

Roscosmos will consider the project of a quantum engine, if it receives a prototype

Earlier, RSC Energia stated that the specific thrust of a prototype quantum engine from Quanton is 165 times higher than that of liquid rocket engines
MOSCOW, March 13. / TASS /. Roscosmos is ready to consider the project of a quantum engine, if its developer can present a prototype. This was announced on Tuesday evening by TASS adviser to the general director of the state corporation for science Alexander Bloshenko.

Earlier, Oleg Baklanov, adviser to the RSC Energia general director, told the Military Industrial Courier newspaper that the specific thrust of a prototype quantum engine from the Quanton company is 165 times higher than that of liquid rocket engines. According to the head of the company, Vladimir Leonov, the principle of the work of the development is based on the creation of thrust force due to the gradient of spatial energy.

"Roskosmos was the formation of a technical task (TK) for the experimental verification of those phenomena that Mr. Leonov declared. However, after the formulation of the TZ, the designer for all these years has not provided a single prototype," said Bloshenko.

He noted that the state corporation is ready to check Leonov’s proposals on its material base. “It is interesting for us to measure the craving and power consumption of Leonov’s anti-gravity engine,” he specified.

At the same time, the Roskosmos Director General "did not give orders to create a quantum engine, and there was no TK for its development," the agency's interlocutor added.

He also noted that the concept of the quantum engine is based on the theory of "superunification" created by Leonov, which was recognized by the RAS Commission as a false scientific.

https://tass.ru/kosmos/6210829

What would really be cool is some sort of gravity drive... if you had some what of blocking the effect of gravity from nearby super heavy things like Earth then you would just have friction to deal with... of course the gravity of the earth pulls you around the universe with everything else on earth, so it could be a problem too but being able to cancel gravity or intensify it could mean acceleration and decelleration for space travel made rather easier... cancel the gravity of earth and magnify the gravity effect of the destination... say Mars and let it drag you to where you want to go...

The idea being that spacetime has a shape which is generally flat but curved near massive objects... gravity wave cancellation is like putting a chock on your wheel to stop your car rolling down a hill... it just remains there without needing engine power to hold its position in space.

What I find really interesting is that a black hole already does this... the event horizon around a black hole lets nothing escape, so once something goes into the black hole its gravity is still effecting time space outside the event horizon... but when that chunk of matter eventually reaches the singularity and is crushed out of existence the gravity well of the black hole does not get smaller.

In other words you have a gravity well for a black hole 2cm across... that is equal to the mass of the earth... which is about right... if you compress the earth down to an object 2cm across you get a singularity and a black hole... it is about size and mass.

The Earth is an enormous lump of mass and all of it is needed to hold you and other things like hydrogen gas from floating away. The thing is that the mass closest to you has the most effect in holding you down while the mass 3,000kms away has much less effect. By compressing all the matter the earth is made up of into a 2cm diameter ball then all of that mass will act at once and rip you to atoms basically.... the parts of you that are closest to the mass will accelerate at thousands of g toward the singularity in the centre, while the parts of you slightly further away might only start moving at hundreds of gs and the farthest parts of you might only accelerate at a couple of gs... that is called tidal forces... the tidal forces for earth and the sun at our current distance mean that the difference in gravity from your feet to the top of your head as almost the same so you don't notice the difference... with a tiny blackhole the difference over a few cms is enormous and things get vapourised and shredded as they enter it.

Anyway a 2cm black hole floating through space would be almost invisible to us except the gravity lensing effect it would have on objects behind it... if it collided with earth it would be rather interesting... its concentrated gravity would likely catch us and drag us out of orbit, but it would not pop us like a balloon or suck us up in an instant... it would be like emptying a lake through a bath plug hole... except this plug can get bigger and has an infinite capacity to consume everything.

Near the actual black hole things would be superheated as they howl into the hole... it might take 100 years to suck in all the material in and around the earth, and as that material passed the event horizon the event horizon would expand slightly... when the whole process is finished the black hole would now be the weight of two earth sized planets and might be 2.1 or 2.2cm around measured around the event horizon.... but obviously there isn't the mass of two planets contained in that black sphere because in the centre is a point of infinite gravity that has crushed all the matter that enters the event horizon out of existence... so the actual mass inside the black hole is zero, but nothing can pass the event horizon so the space time outside the event horizon is shaped based on the mass of all the material that went in.

So what does this say about space time.... it is clearly shaped in real time by matter, but the shaping effect has a speed and that speed does not exceed the speed of light and therefore cannot cross the event horizon, (EH).

I have been talking about the EH, but have not defined it for those who don't know exactly what it is.

The planet earth has an escape velocity... it is the speed you need to achieve to leave the surface of the planet and never return... when you get moving fast enough you stop falling back to earth and reach a speed that gives you a stable orbit... an example is the ISS at about 350km altitude above earth is moving at about 7.4km/s which keeps it roughly at that altitude. The escape velocity of earth is about 11km/s so if you took the ISS and accelerated it to 9km/s it wouldn't go flying off into outer space... it would climb to a higher orbit. If you accelerated it to 10km/s you would move it to an even higher orbit but at 11km/s instead of falling down and curving around the planet in a stable orbit it would head off into deep space.

A dense object like a black hole has a much stronger gravity and by definition the event horizon is the distance from the centre of the black hole where the escape velocity is the speed of light... if you get closer than the event horizon to the centre of the black hole then to escape the gravity well you have to move faster than light to escape... in other words if you go past the event horizon even the headlights on the front of your space craft turned on full... the light from them will fall back into the singularity and be gone forever... from the outside one second the light from your headlights are shining out and you can be seen and then as you cross you and your lights turn black and nothing can be seen for ever more.

The thing is that if the spacetime can't tell the matter is gone... is there a way to tell the space time around a space ship that the contents inside the ship weight nothing... stick a drinking straw out the rear of a billion ton space ship and blow a gob of spit out the back at half the speed of light... make the ship weight a kilogramme and the gob of spit weigh a ton and accelerate the spit to 1/500th the speed of light and your ship will set off in the opposite direction at an enormous speed...

Do I move the stuff on quantum engines too?

This proper solution does not have the features of the claimed solution by Schwarzchild, Hilbert, et al.  The horizon is vanishingly small
around the point mass.  So the homogeneous "black hole" solution is actually the case of two distinct space times with one imbedded
in the other.  They key detail is that the inner space-time is displacing the outer space-time and not overlapping it.  This sort of
material space-time behaviour in the absence of any mass-energy forcing (stress-energy tensor) is one of the innovative features of
general relativity.  It is not true that mass-energy is required to tell space-time how to curve.  Space-time itself can induce curvature.

Well that makes sense because in effect anything behind an event horizon can no longer be considered as being in this universe, there is a separation between the space time in this universe and the space time inside the black hole, for all we know the rules of space time in this universe might not apply at all, perhaps different rules from another reality of dimension reach through the singularity to the event horizon?

Clocks do not run faster in gravitational potential wells as the mass
of the gravitating body is increased.  They run slower.

Isn't that consistent with the speed of light and issues around dimensional space, mass, and  the passage of time?

Time on an accelerating space ship does not slow down because the accelerating spaceship is getting heavier, it slows down because the speed is getting closer to the speed of light.

It would also suggest that black holes are black because the only things that can escape them are 2 dimensional infinitely massive objects for which time in our universe has stopped so they are a non event in space time...

Do black holes exist?  The above homogeneous solution is possible from the Big Bang.  But not from any stellar collapse.

This does not make sense to me.

Surely if anything is going to create one massive black hole it is compressing all the spacetime and matter of the universe into a point smaller than an atom even if it is only for the tiniest fraction of a second...

But then a black hole is not just an enormous amount of matter, it also needs to be highly concentrated into a small area of space time.

Of course one of the other problems is we talk about the fabric of space too much and we start considering it to actually be a fabric, which it isn't. The future expansion of space is described as leading to tears in the fabric of space, which doesn't make sense as space time isn't actually a fabric at all... we just use the term to describe something we still really don't understand properly.

If we have neutron stars, then we are likely to
have quark stars.

If we have neutron stars where all the electrons have been crushed into protons to form and object consisting of only neutrons because of the enormous gravity, then further increases in mas when the gravity further increases and a quark star is created... is it interesting that you take the qu of quark and replace it with a d and get a dark start of enormous mass and small size and minimal emission of energy or heat.

Hell for all we know the leading edge of space time might have an enormous thick shell of energy and matter that might be dragging space time out with it to expand into the empty void our universe is unfolding into. It might be dark matter because it is too far away to see and now it is moving too fast for us to ever see it.

Space time might be more like a field, where objects in the field effect the field effects on other objects also in the field.

A quark solid would have densities much higher than the billion tons per teaspoon of neutron stars.  Before invoking an obviously
incorrect framework to claim black holes, we may want to consider that quark solids do not have any glint from photon scattering and
may emit any absorbed radiation at ultra low frequencies that none of our observational systems can detect.  If we are dealing with
condensed dark matter objects then for sure they will have no glint and exhibit surface characteristics like those of the event
horizon.

But what about things even heavier than that... the earth weighs roughly  5.9 x 10^24 kgs, so 5.9 x 10^21 tons... which is a little more than a billion tons per 2cm sized ball.

And what are up and down quarks made of and will further gravity reduce it to that in an even more dense state.

What density of matter requires an escape velocity that approaches the speed of light?

I would expect the tidal forces on any space ship would mean an event horizon is not needed to cause problems because even if you ship could move at a large fraction of the speed of light as it approached a quark star the tidal forces would shred it and render it incapable of powered flight anyway so escape would not be a possible option.

It would only be with very very large black holes where the tidal forces are much less excessive near the event horizon where a ship might pass with out noticing the trouble it is in before getting close to the singularity and being shredded by tidal forces there.

Surely the best argument against quark stars as an alternative to black holes is that they must be immensely hot and therefore not to be confused with black holes...

A quantum experiment suggests there’s no such thing as Objective Reality

Objective Reality