The thing is that the cocking handle likely rotates through 180 degrees so it can be on the left side or the right side.
This means the bolt carrier... to which the cocking handle is attached has been redesigned.
It would not take that much effort to further change it to be more like the Dragunov with a separate and lighter piston rod that only moves a cm or so to push the bolt carrier and bolt back to start the recoiling and reloading process without having a great big mass moving back and forth that led to the necessity of a balance recoil mechanism in the first place.
That might explain the bumps on the top of the gas tube, or they could be rail mounts to mount something there.
Unless it is a fundamentally new system it is not a balanced recoil mechanism as the place where the gas is tapped is too far forward.
It also seems longer and with more tacticrap on it it will be more front heavy which should reduce muzzle climb during automatic fire anyway.
They have clearly gone for least complicated changes, which will increase its chance of adoption I suppose.
I would have liked to have seen it based on the AK-107... and the new versions of the AK-107 suggest they are still experimenting with it...
So a light model AK-12 can fire any of these bullets 5.45x39mm, 5.56x45mm and 7.62x39mm using the same single gun , no need to change the gun to fire different caliber bullet ?
So it means in a war of a 5.45x39 is not available and they find a enemy 5.56x45mm round in abundance they can just use that ?
No, I don't think so... otherwise they would have mentioned the ability of multi calibre use.
It will likely come in the different calibres.
Though looking at the thickness of the barrel in front of the front stock where it gets really thick... is the barrel removable?
The problem is that will you carry extra barrels in combat plus extra magazines for the different ammo types in case you run out of ammo.... or will you just carry more ammo?
I think the latter.
The multi calibre thing would be good for spec ops so they can use one gun for a variety of different roles, but for the soldier in the field I think more ammo would be better than bolts and mags and barrels for different calibres.