Pakistan-China Military co-operation

ASIA PACIFIC
Date Posted: 15-Nov-2010


Jane's Defence Weekly

Pakistan ready to hand Arabian Sea port to China

Farhan Bokhari JDW Correspondent - Islamabad

Pakistan is seeking to cancel a management contract with Singapore's PSA International for a Chinese-funded port in the northern Arabian Sea in what could be the first step towards transferring it to Beijing's control, a senior Pakistan government official told Jane's on 11 November.

Taking control of Gwadar port would give China a friendly deep-water facility on the edge of the world's busiest oil shipping lanes. Chinese control of Gwadar port would also give People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) vessels a safe haven in a friendly country in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

Though it may be several years before PLAN vessels regularly sail to the IOR, a senior Pakistani government official in Islamabad told Jane's : "China's access to control Gwadar will be the first step towards meeting long-term ambitions."

Cancelling the existing contract would be controversial, not least because PSA International signed a 40-year deal in 2007. Pakistani officials argue that PSA has failed to fulfil promises to develop the facility, which is about 700 km west of Karachi but only 80 km east of the Iranian border.

"We have detected lapses and therefore want to move ahead to formally consider cancelling this contract," said the official, who wished to remain anonymous, adding that a Chinese firm "will be the likely future operator of this facility. There are lots of interests that tie Pakistan and China together".

On 8 November a second senior official in Islamabad told Jane's that Pakistan expects China to invest "over the long term" in the "laying down of a railway line [and] a road network" to its border with northern Pakistan. These transport links would allow China to significantly reduce travel time for travellers and exports from its northern Xinjiang region to the Middle East, via Gwadar.

This summer, Pakistani naval officials revealed discussions with China over the joint development of future submarines, which if agreed would be the latest in a series of joint ventures. They include the F-22P frigate programme, the JF-17 Thunder aircraft, the Al-Khalid I main battle tank and development of an airborne early warning and control aircraft.

Pakistan is keen to purchase more submarines in response to what defence planners say is a growing threat to the country's interests in the IOR, where India has announced significant expansions to its naval facilities. Though Pakistan has sounded out French and German submarine manufacturers, financial constraints are believed to have hindered the signing of a deal. By contrast, China has a long-established record of extending generous loans to Pakistan.

In an interview with the Global Times newspaper, Rao Qamar Suleman, air chief marshal of the Pakistan Air Force has confirmed the rumors that Pakistan Air Force will purchase up to four Chinese Surface-to-Air Missiles to meet its airdefence needs.



Air Chief Marshal Rao Suleman has said that Pakistan air force is evaluating, different Chinese surface-to-air missiles for the purchase of 3 to 4 SAM systems. One of the systems under evaluation is "HQ-18"surface-to-air missile system.

As per Jane's Defence weekly Hong Qi-18 (HQ-18) surface to air missile system is Chinese version based on the S-300 that is also known as SA-12A "Gladiator". HQ-18 system has a rand of 100 km and it can be used against short-range ballistic and cruise missiles as well as against aircraft.

Another surface to air missile that may be under consideration is China's indigenously developed HQ-12 / KS-1A SAM. These surface-to-air missiles are available with two engagement radars H-200 phased array radar and SJ-231 phased array radar.

The SJ-231 radar system for the KS-1A/HQ-12 SAM system is based on the on the HT-233 PESA engagement radar which is associated with the advance Chinese surface-to-air missile system HQ-9 / FD-2000. SJ-231 is a self propelled radar.
China's indigenously developed HQ-12 / KS-1A missile is a single stage missile that uses the solid propellant. It has very short span delta wing design that is very much like that of the US Hawk SAM. KS-1A Missiles uses the rail launchers. Depending upon the target’s speed maximum range of KS-1A varies from 38-50km. It can be used against targets flying as high as 27000m and as low as 300m.




Pakistan Military Review: Pakistan Air Force to Purchase 4 Chinese SAM Systems






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HQ-9/FD2000


HQ-9 TELs on 8 x 8 TAS-5380 chassis with HT-233 engagement radar


HHQ-9 launch at motor ignition


HQ-9 TEL using the Taian TAS-5380 chassis.


HQ-9 aft view of the deployed launch tube / transport container assemblies


HQ-9 forward view of the deployed launch tube / transport container assemblies, with the hydraulically elevated gantry exposed - the ram arrangement is modelled on the S-300P self-propelled variant TELs and is similar to a dump truck arrangement. Note the embedded hydraulic rams in the gantry used to position the launchers once upright


HHQ-9 launch at motor ignition. The missile airframe closely resembles the 5V55/48N6 series


HHQ-9 launch, the weapon employs much the same cold launch technology as the Russian S-300P series it was modelled upon


HHQ-9 rounds on parade. The prominent external TVC vanes are very visible on these examples


The FD-2000/HQ-9 round resembles the Soviet 5V55 series, with the exception of prominent external TVC vanes



Cutaway of the FT-2000 round from brochure material. Note the additional cruciform strake absent in the 5V55/48N6 family of missile airframes, and the baseline HQ-9


Chinese internet images described as the HQ-9 round, but more likely a Soviet era 5V55 series round. Below nozzle. Note the TVC vanes coupled to the aerodynamic controls, and different cruciform tail geometry



The HQ-9 has been in production for PLA-AF and PLA-N deployment for a number of years. The US DoD puts current deployments at 64 launchers, making for 8 to 16 batteries.

Since late 2008 the HQ-9 has been offered for export under the designation FD-2000. The anti-radiation FT-2000 was offered for export a decade ago.

To date there have been claims that Pakistan is procuring a number of systems, but details remain to be confirmed. Iran is also a possible future client, following the difficulties they have experienced in procuring the S-300PMU1 / SA-20 Gargoyle from Russia - there have been numerous speculative claims of an acquisition but no evidence to support them.

Given China's active marketing effort in Latin America, South Asia and most recently, Africa, it is likely that HQ-9 derivatives will be widely exported, as more affordable analogues to the Russian S-300PMU2 / SA-20B and S-400 / SA-21.

From what I understand, the Chinese version is a copy of the Russian S-300 - in essense. What is different is the anti-interferance systems and programme. [Russia is keeping that as a "State Secret"]. Without the Russian CPU the system is aparaently only around 60% as effective as the Russian S -300. Iran is finding this out with it's missile programme.
Someone out there maybe able to confirm this.

We have got some BVRs fm USA but still we are buying large amounts of Chinese AMRAAMS like SD-10
http://www.defencetalk.com/pakistan-to-arm-jf-17-fighter-jets-with-chinese-missiles-30248/

[​IMG]
The VT-4 main battle tank. (Internet photo)

China has agreed to Pakistan's request to purchase China North Industries Corporation's VT-4, the export version of China's MBT-3000 main battle tank, military expert Song Zhongping told Beijing Television in an interview on Nov. 19.

Pakistan urgently needs a more modern tank like the VT-4 after its chief rival India introduced the T-90 main battle tank from Russia, also gaining the license to manufacture its own T-90s, according to Song.

Song said the VT-4 is better than the T-90 in mobility, firepower and defensive capability and it would be best for Pakistan to introduce a production line for the tank to meet the challenge from India.

Song said he was stunned by the design of VT-4 when he saw the tank for the first time. He said that the tank has explosive reactive armor like most advanced tanks produced by the United States and Russia. Furthermore, the tank's 125mm smooth bore gun is currently the largest tank gun anywhere in the world. Song said the VT-4 can do anything other main battle tanks can do and the model will serve Pakistan's armed forces well.

http://www.indiandefencereview.com/external-news/?news_id=2044

china will end up getting it. Not because if one is better over the other, but due to politics. Regardless, anyone of them will be good for Pakistan.

Pakistani Navy to Purchase Eight New Submarines From China

Read more: http://sputniknews.com/news/20150401/1020333894.html#ixzz3W5xCWd8N

Best Friends Forever: Pakistan to Receive 110 Fighter Jets From China

Read more: http://sputniknews.com/military/20150425/1021379897.html#ixzz3YLBoQJTS

Nice pic - JF-17's escorting the Chinese presidential plane during the recent visit
.

China to Construct Four Yuan-Class Submarines in Pakistan

China will build four of eight submarines that it will sell to Pakistan in Karachi, Pakistan’s largest city and the most important city on the Arabian Sea.

The announcement was made by Pakistani Minister for Defense Production, Rana Tanveer Hussain, at the Defense Export Promotion Organization (DEPO) Display Centre in Islamabad.

Earlier this year, Pakistan and China finalized a deal for Islamabad to purchase eight modified Type 41 Yuan-class diesel-electric attack submarines from China. The export designation is the S20, which excludes the air-independent propulsion system.

“Karachi is no stranger to submarines. The Pakistani Navy’s Agosta 90-B submarines have all been through work in Karachi. One submarine, the PNS Hamza, was entirely assembled at Karachi Shipyard and Engineering Works. The French Agosta-class submarines are similar in many ways to the Yuan-class submarines that China will be selling to Pakistan,” Chinese magazine The Diplomat wrote.

The deal represents Beijing’s largest defense deal abroad as the price is estimated at around $5 billion. But apart from a commercial success this deal will also reinforce the PLAN’s ability to function in far-flung waters in the western Indian Ocean, where China often conducts anti-piracy operations.

“For the Pakistani navy, these eight submarines will result in an important undersea warfare capability that could tilt the balance in its favor in any future conflict with India,” noted The Diplomat.

Read more: http://sputniknews.com/military/20151011/1028348897/china-submarines-construction-pakistan.html#ixzz3oGv56WfH

China's Troops in Pakistan May Be an Attempt to Bypass US at Sea

Over the weekend, Indian media reported sighting Chinese troops in an area of the disputed Kashmir region administered by Pakistan along a crucial road-rail corridor. Experts say that the reports, if true, are an indication of China's intention to back its economic interests by military power, and its goal to bypass US naval power on the high seas.

On Saturday, The Times of India reported that an unspecified number of Chinese People's Liberation Army troops had been spotted at forward posts on the Pakistani side of the Line of Control (LoC) in Kashmir, with intercepts of Pakistani army communications indicating that the troops had arrived to assist in the digging of tunnels which are part of an alternative route to a major regional highway.

Chinese troops, the paper added, were first believed to be spotted in the region in 2015, in an area where a Chinese company is involved in the construction of a hydroelectric power plant.

On Monday, a Chinese foreign ministry spokesman said that he had "not heard about the incident mentioned," Hindustan Times reported.

However, when asked whether the possible presence of Chinese troops may be connected to work on the $46 billion China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) rail and roadway infrastructure project, which runs through disputed territories in Kashmir, the spokesman reiterated the Chinese position that the Kashmir dispute is an issue "left over from history between India and Pakistan." China, he noted, hopes that "the two countries can properly resolve the issue through negotiation and consultations."

At the same time, Hindustan Times recalled, China has repeatedly noted that "the CPEC, which is part of [China's] Silk Road initiative, is aimed at improving people's livelihoods and in no way affects the status of the Kashmir issue."

When completed, the network of roads and railways will connect western China to the southwestern Pakistani port city of Gwadar in Baluchistan province. Last year, Pakistan and China inked a 43 year lease deal on the deep sea port, situated on the coast of the Arabian Sea.

Read more: http://sputniknews.com/asia/20160315/1036332023/chinese-troops-sighted-pakistan-analysis.html#ixzz42zliMNm4

Contract for the supply of Pakistan 155-mm wheeled self-propelled howitzers SH-15

Chinese Internet sources report that the Chinese military-industrial corporation Norinco has signed a contract to supply the Pakistani army with 236 155-mm wheeled self-propelled guns SH-15. It is alleged that a contract worth $ 512 million was signed on June 27, 2019. The agreement includes a package of technical support, spare parts, ammunition, ground equipment and training.



https://bmpd.livejournal.com/3883085.html

Pakistan first demonstrated Chinese VT4 tanks

On September 22, 2020, the Pakistani ground forces command, led by the chief of staff of the ground forces, General Kamar Javed Bajwa, were shown Chinese VT4 tanks manufactured by the Norinco corporation.

Earlier in this blog, it was reported that in mid-April 2020, at the Chinese tank plant Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group, better known as plant number 617, which is part of the China North Industries Group Corporation (CNGC, stands for the NORINCO Group brand) and located in Baotou in Inner Mongolia province, the first batch of VT-4 main battle tanks equipped with ERA armor (Option FY-IV) for a foreign customer after the coronavirus pandemic in China was held.

The Chinese media reported that Pakistan was the foreign customer.

Let me remind you that since 2015 in Pakistan, the Chinese MBT3000 (VT4) tank and the Ukrainian BM "Oplot" took place in comparative tests, which were presented in a tender for the purchase of new main tanks for the Pakistani army.

Pakistani media reported that Islamabad had signed a contract with the Chinese corporation Norinco for the supply of 176 VT-4 main battle tanks equipped with ERA (Option FY-IV) armor and a firm option for another 124 vehicles. The contract value for the first batch of 176 tanks was USD 860 million

For Pakistan, the VT4 tank was upgraded. In addition to equipping with ERA armor (FY-IV variant), it is equipped with a Chinese water-cooled diesel engine with an electronic control system with a capacity of 1300 hp, whose maximum power can reach 1500 hp. The production of the second generation Sino-Pakistani MBT-2000 / Al-Khalid tanks will continue along with the supply of the latest VT4 main battle tanks.

Also, the Chinese military-industrial corporation Norinco signed a contract to supply the Pakistani army with 236 155-mm wheeled ACS SH-15 (PLC-181). The $ 512 million contract is said to have been signed on June 27, 2019. The agreement includes a package of technical support, spare parts, ammunition, ground equipment and training.



https://bmpd.livejournal.com/4146791.html

Pakistan starts construction of first submarine

December 12th, 14:49
December 9, 2021 at the Pakistani state shipyard Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works Ltd. (KSEW) The first steel cutting ceremony took place in Karachi , marking the beginning of construction for the Pakistani naval forces of the Tasnim non-nuclear submarine according to the Chinese project S20. It is the first submarine under construction in Pakistan and is also the fifth overall in a 2015 contract with the Chinese side for the construction of eight S20 submarines (Pakistani designation Hangor type ). The first four boats under this contract are being built in China.







https://bmpd.livejournal.com/4446961.html

Wife of China's ambassador to Pakistan physically assaulting a local woman https://twitter.com/FrontalForce/status/1682287615041740800?s=20

First Chinese-built submarine launched for Pakistan

https://bmpd.livejournal.com/4820620.html