Russian radar can see the "invisible" F-22, F-35 and B-2 for 200 kilometers
Nizhny Novgorod designers from NNIIRT surpassed colleagues from "Lockheed-Martin"
Vladimir Tuchkov
In air defense units of the Russian Ground forces expect the new radar standby 1Л125 "Niobium-SV", which will eventually replace the existing station. This was reported by "Interfax" an informed source.
"It is planned to replace the entire series radar standby, which stand on arms air defense of Land forces, — said the Agency interlocutor. — "Niobium-SV" can detect over a large range of all types of targets, including small and inconspicuous".
According to the information available to the Ground forces already passed 6 stations. Here is their place of "residence": the Military Academy of the Troops of air defense. Marshal A. M. Vasilevsky (Smolensk) and in/h in Orenburg, in the red River (Khabarovsk, Russia), the Rybinsk-18 (Yaroslavl region), Novocherkassk (Rostov oblast), Gagarin (Sverdlovsk region).
Radar "Niobium-SV" is the development of the Nizhny Novgorod research Institute of radio engineering (NNIIRT), which is included in the concern "Almaz-Antey". Belongs to a class of radar standby mode, which is designed to detect, track maintenance, and determine the nationality of aerial objects of all types of aircraft, including built in stealth technology, helicopters, cruise and ballistic missiles, small unmanned aerial vehicles. Information about the state of controlled airspace is transmitted to the command centers, air defenses, and directly at SAM.
"Niobium-SV" is not entirely new station. In the mid 80-ies of NNIIRT developed radar standby "Sky", which was a significant step forward in the field of radar standby medium and long range. 10 years later appeared a more advanced modification of the "Sky". And subsequently, the citizens continued to develop this area, creating stations "Nebo-SV", "Sky-IED". In 2013 appeared the station "Niobium". Well, the radar "Niobium-SV" at the moment, is the most effective in this range.
Radar works in the meter range, which makes it easy to distinguish, and for a very considerable distance, planes-"invisible" — and bombers B-2 Spirit and F-22 Raptor and F-35 Lightning II. Experts say that any "invisible" to radar meter range differs little from the normal plane of the third or fourth generation having the same dimensions.
Radar equipped with an antenna with a phased antenna array. Scanning in elevation is electronic.
Radar "Niobium-SV" has the following characteristics.
The target detection range in altitude: 500 m — 53 km, 10,000 m, 230 km 27000 — 320 km.
Simultaneously monitored up to 300 goals.
Deployment time station — 15 min.
The mobile station, placed on a wheeled chassis of KAMAZ.
Radar "Niobium-SV" is produced at the Nizhny Novgorod machine-building plant. The 70th anniversary of the Victory, which was recently built especially for the production of anti-aircraft missile systems s-400 and s-500.
"Heaven" and "Niobium" is not the only line of radar, in service with the land forces air defense. There are other stations that began to be produced recently. However, they have slightly different characteristics. And, consequently, different characteristics.
At the end of the last decade, the army began to enter the development of the same Nizhny Novgorod NNIIRT — mobile three-coordinate radar 59Н6 "Enemy-GE". She works in the UHF band, therefore, having about the same ability to detect stealth targets, to more accurately determine their coordinates. This accuracy is sufficient not only to issue an "informational" data to the command post, but for target designation for air defense fighters and SAM missiles.
Volume of equipment more serious than the "Niobium-SV". The station will be located on two wheel chassis.
High accuracy of determining the target coordinates provided by UHF, digital phased array antenna and processing extracted from the antenna signals on a high-performance processor using efficient algorithms. "Enemy-GE" capable of detecting targets with RCS less than 0.1 sq. m. (as in cruise missiles and, in fact, have the same stealth aircraft) at a distance of 200 km, with ESR of 1.5 sq. m. (fighter with reduced visibility) at the distance of 340 km.
The station has a high degree of protection from interference influence of the enemy.
The target detection range in altitude: 100 m — 40 km 1000 m 100 km, 5000 m — 240 km, 12 km — 340 km.
At the same time tracked back to 150 goals.
Deployment time station — 40 min.
And finally, for about ten years in the army operates another development NNIIRT — portable three-coordinate radar UHF waves 1Л122 "Accordion".
Designed to determine the air situation in the area of the tactical level. Detects planes, helicopters and drones, determines their coordinates and sends the information to the complexes of automated control systems for air defense. Can also be used for illumination purposes when you hover over them guided munitions.
Available in two versions: portable (1Л122-E1) and mobile on a tracked chassis (1Л122-E2). Various modifications have a range of 40 km and 80 km. a Portable modification (three containers of 30 kg each) may secretly install close to the enemy positions. Due to the fact that the antenna radiated the signal has little power, radar difficult to detect by technical means of the enemy.
The unfolding of the station takes 5 minutes. A tripod is installed on the antenna array sizes of 120×80 cm Connecting the electronic unit and the power supply unit provides power of 800 watts. The GLONASS signal is defined by the location of the radar, then "Accordion" ready to work. Data displayed on the operator display as well as transmitted wirelessly to the KP.
"Manual" "Accordion", the weight of which is minimized for possible hand-carry, nevertheless, has a sufficiently high performance. Range — 40 km, the maximum height of target detection — 10 km.
Mobile version of the stations based on the tracked amphibious armored personnel carrier MT-LBU. Due to the larger antenna size and power range and height of targets was doubled to 80 km and 20 km, respectively.
From the foregoing it is seen that in air and missile defense involve not only specific air defense system, equipped with its own radar "vision". There is a single network detection of air threats, enemy aircraft on the distant approaches, passing information about them in missile divisions. So the gunners have the time to prepare to meet the enemy. That is, if the target detection range, say, zrpk "Carapace-C1" is 40 km, it does not mean that the calculation of the complex does not know what is going on at a greater distance. And that the missile or low-flying plane suddenly emerges from obscurity.
Two years ago, Russia has created (or rather restored) is inextricably radar field. It is formed not only such "monsters" of radar as radar "Voronezh" with the range of the review in 4,000 km, but the radar tactical and operational-tactical level.
With a detection range of 200 km for a target with 0.1 sqm and claiming the F-22 is ca. 0.5 sqm equivalent, it is normal that Russian military are so sceptic about the capacities of US stealth.
Also interesting that UHF is considered precise enough to provide targeting info for missiles.
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