Russian fossil energy (Oil and Gas and Coal) Industry: News #4

India to remain reliant on coal – report, 05.08.2023.

The fossil fuel will dominate power generation due to surging energy demand, a government agency has said.

India will remain heavily dependent on coal as the largest source of power generation for the next decade, even with its efforts to ramp up renewable energy projects, according to a government report published on Thursday.  

The Central Electric Authority (CEA) said additional plants will need to be built as coal-fired power generation will still account for about 54% of India’s total electricity output in 2030. Fossil fuel currently accounts for almost three-quarters of the country’s power generation.  

India is reportedly the world’s third-largest emitter of carbon dioxide. It is looking for ways to meet surging electricity demands, while at the same time setting ambitious goals to decarbonize its power sector. 

“Availability of affordable and reliable electricity is a key factor in sustainable growth of the country,” Ghanshyam Prasad, chairperson of the CEA, said in the report.
India plans to phase out about 2 gigawatts of coal-burning plants and install solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and nuclear plants with a total capacity of more than 500 gigawatts by 2030.

Meanwhile, new coal plants designed to deliver about 27 gigawatts are already under construction and an additional 19.1 gigawatts may have to be built to cover India’s energy needs, according to the CEA.

Emissions from India’s power sector are expected to surge by about 11% on current levels by the end of the decade, the authority said, and will reach 1,114 million tons of carbon dioxide.

https://www.rt.com/business/575854-india-coal-power-generation/

• The EU embargo on Russian maritime crude oil supplies has been in force since December 2022, while restrictions on derived products have been in place since February 5, 2023.
  
• In addition, the EU, the G7 and Australia set a cap on the price of oil sold by Russia, set at $60 per barrel. These countries also established a limit of $45 per barrel for products that are sold at a discount to crude oil (such as fuel oil), while the per-barrel tariff for fuels that are sold at a premium (diesel, kerosene and gasoline) was set at $100. 
  

China's imports of Russian liquefied natural gas (LNG) from January to April rose by 50% year on year, to 2.14 million tons. This was reported in the Main Customs Administration of China.

In value terms, deliveries increased by 26.3%, exceeding $1.65 billion. In terms of quantity, Russia ranks 4th among the main suppliers of Beijing.

China's oil imports from Russia grew by 26.5% year-on-year between January and April to about 32.4 million tons. Thus, Russia continues to lead in terms of exports of this type of raw material to China.

In value terms, this indicator decreased by 1.5% compared to the same period last year, to $17.44 billion.

Novatek launched the Murmansk LNG project

According to Kommersant, NOVATEK wants to build an LNG plant with a capacity of 20.4 million tons in the Murmansk region, the launch of the first two lines of which is scheduled for 2027. The company plans to receive raw materials for the project from the Unified Gas Supply System, discussing with Gazprom the construction of the Volkhov-Murmansk gas pipeline. The project involves the use of electric drives and cheap electricity from the Kola NPP, which eliminates the need to purchase sanctioned gas turbines. The main issues remain the price of gas purchases from Gazprom and the terms of LNG export.

NOVATEK is exploring the possibility of building a new large-capacity LNG project in the Murmansk region, consisting of three liquefaction lines with a capacity of 6.8 million tons each, Kommersant's sources familiar with the parameters of the project said. The first two lines of Murmansk LNG can be launched at the end of 2027, the third - at the end of 2029. Kommersant's sources do not name the volume of investments. The project has already been discussed at a meeting with Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak. Gas for the plant NOVATEK plans to receive from the Unified Gas Supply System (UGSS), for which it is necessary to build the Volkhov-Murmansk-Belokamenka gas pipeline with a length of 1.3 thousand km.

NOVATEK told Kommersant that the company has begun implementing the Murmansk LNG project "taking into account a number of necessary advantages to ensure the achievement of LNG production targets set by the President and the Government of the Russian Federation."

“The necessary design surveys and assessments are underway. The main technical conditions for power supply are being worked out. Also, for the construction of the necessary main gas pipeline with a design capacity of up to 30 billion cubic meters. meters of gas per year, we expect PJSC Gazprom to provide technical specifications for connection to the UGSS for resource support of the project,” the company said. Gazprom did not comment.

Murmansk LNG could become NOVATEK's fourth project. The pilot Yamal LNG with a capacity of 17.4 million tons per year is already in operation, the Arctic LNG-2 with a capacity of 20 million tons is under construction with the launch of the first line at the end of 2023. The company also plans to make a decision this year on Ob LNG using Russian equipment with a capacity of 7 million tons per year with an expected launch in 2026-2027.

This year Gazprom started designing the Murmansk-Volkhov gas pipeline and estimated its preliminary cost at 350 billion rubles. This gas pipeline has been discussed for a long time, but the project is stalling due to the high cost and low demand for gas in the region.

NOVATEK, according to Kommersant's interlocutors, plans to start construction of the first Murmansk LNG line at the site of the Center for the Construction of Large-tonnage Offshore Facilities in the village of Belokamenka as early as mid-2024. Gravity bases for the platforms are being built there, each of which will then be equipped with a 6.8 million tonne liquefaction line. The exact location of the platforms in the waters of the Kola Bay is still unknown. By locating the plant in the ice-free port of Murmansk, NOVATEK eliminates the need to build Arc7 ice-class tankers, as LNG can be transported on conventional conventional vessels. In addition, it is possible to sell on FOB terms, when the buyer of gas himself will provide a tanker for export.

The main technological problem - the lack of access to powerful gas turbines necessary for the production of LNG due to sanctions - is planned to be solved by using an electric drive instead of a gas turbine.

Electric drives are produced in the Russian Federation. The need for electricity supply will be covered by the Kola NPP (1.76 GW) of Rosatom, which has historically been underutilized. Due to the cheap generation of nuclear power plants and hydroelectric power plants, the one-part price for electricity in the Murmansk region (consists of the cost of electricity and capacity, excluding the network tariff and sales margin) is one of the lowest in the Russian Federation.

The main regulatory problem is whether NOVATEK will be able to independently export LNG from the project without the participation of Gazprom. Now the company does not have such an opportunity, since Russian legislation allows the export of LNG only for projects in which, as of January 1, 2013, the production license indicated the direction of gas for liquefaction (in fact, these are only NOVATEK licenses in Yamal and Gydan). In the Murmansk LNG project, NOVATEK will take gas from the UGSS, and not from its own fields. Perhaps NOVATEK and Gazprom will interact through an agency agreement, as in the Cryogas-Vysotsk project in the Baltic.

Another question is whose gas will be supplied for liquefaction. NOVATEK currently has no free production capacity for 30 billion cubic meters of gas in the UGSS zone, in contrast to Gazprom, whose free capacity, after the loss of most of the European market, significantly exceeds 100 billion cubic meters. If NOVATEK buys Gazprom's gas for an export project, then the question arises at what price.

LNG exports can be carried out through an agency agreement with Gazprom, such options were discussed earlier for some unrealized LNG projects, independent expert Alexander Sobko notes. “It is possible to find a solution, the main thing is that there is a mutual interest of the parties. In this situation, it seems that Gazprom is also interested in such a project, since there is an excess of gas in the northwestern region after the shutdown of the Nord Stream, and against the background of plans to gasify the Murmansk region, additional expenses of Gazprom for the supply of these gas volumes to the coast will be small,” he says.

The very idea of ​​using gas for liquefaction "from a pipe", and not from a dedicated field, according to Mr. Sobko, is similar to the concept of American LNG plants.

“There have been no such projects in Russia so far. With reservations, the Baltic LNG under construction can be considered as such, but in this project, integrated with gas processing, the raw materials will still come from a dedicated gas pipeline with “fat” gas from West Siberian fields,” he clarifies.

The capital costs for the project, according to the analyst, will obviously be less than those of the similarly powerful Arctic LNG-2, more comfortable conditions and no production costs. Arctic LNG has a CAPEX of $21 billion. However, Alexander Sobko clarifies, the cost of raw gas will be higher and will probably include the MET, while Arctic LNG projects have a long-term exemption from this tax.

1 mln t of LNG produced at Portovaya LNG

Moscow, May 30 - IA Neftegaz.RU. By May 2023, the volume of liquefied natural gas ( LNG
) produced at the Portovaya liquefied natural gas (LNG) complex in the Leningrad Region reached 1 million tons

. east coast of the Gulf of Finland near the compressor station ( CS ) Portovaya, the head compressor station of the main gas pipeline (MGP) Nord Stream .
The design capacity of the plant is 1.5 million tons/year of LNG, the plant has 2 production lines, which classifies Portovaya LNG in the category of medium-tonnage LNG plants.
Built with Linde Limum3 technology- a multi-stage process on a mixed refrigerant using spiral-twisted heat exchangers of our own production.

The LNG production process at the enterprise includes several stages of raw gas purification from impurities, drying and the process of cooling the prepared gas to a critical temperature, at which it becomes liquid.
The received LNG is sent via 2 independent lines to the LNG storage tank.
From the ground reservoir, the gas is sent through one of the world's longest cryogenic pipelines, 4 km long, to the storage vessel FSU Portovy.
The capacity of the ground tank is 42 thousand m 3 , FSU Portovy - 138 thousand m 3 .
With the help of the latest specialized FSU equipment, Portovoy reloads LNG to other gas carriers on a side-to-side basis.

LNG produced at Portovaya CNG:
exported ;
used as an alternative option for gas supply to the Kaliningrad region through a floating regasification unit (PRGU, FSRU ) Marshal Vasilevsky and a gas receiving terminal;
shipped for ship bunkering - in January 2023, Gazprom Neft LNG bunkering operator Dmitry Mendeleev performed the first regular loading of LNG from Portovaya LNG;
is shipped in tank trucks to provide passenger transport companies in St. Petersburg with natural gas motor fuel ( GMF ) and gas filling stations on the federal highways between Moscow and St. Petersburg: M-10 Russia and M-11 Neva.

Gazprom began construction of the Portovaya CVNG in 2016, the launch was scheduled for 2018 , but was constantly delayed .
On July 30, 2022, the project licensor Linde deconsolidated its Russian gas and engineering businesses.

The commissioning process of Portovaya CNG was independently completed by the Russian engineering company PETON .
The plant was launched in September 2022.
As Gazprom celebrated its 30th anniversary, it was reported that more than 0.5 million tons of LNG had been produced at the complex since the launch.

Gazprom, RusKhimAlliance(a parity JV between Gazprom and RusGazDobycha) and its subsidiary GL Engineering (formerly Gazprom Linde Engineering) signed a cooperation agreement in September 2022 as part of the SPIGF, which provides for the joint study of the prospects for the expansion of Portovaya CSNG.
In particular, the parties agreed to explore the possibility of building an additional production line with a capacity of up to 2 million tons per year of LNG using domestic technologies and equipment.
RusChemAlliance's entry into the Portovaya CNG expansion project will allow RusChemAlliance to acquire competencies for the construction of a large-capacity LNG plant as part of the gas processing complex (GPC) of the ethane-containing gas processing complex (CEG) in Ust-Luga.

Pakistan is set to receive its first shipment of Russian discounted crude oil later this month. Islamabad, which has shared few details on the deal with Moscow, has not clarified how payment would be made.

State Minister for Petroleum Musadik Malik said Islamabad would buy only Russian crude oil, not refined products, under the deal, saying purchases could rise to 100,000 barrels per day if the first transaction goes smoothly.

"The [100,000 tons of] Russian oil will reach Pakistan by the end of the first week or at the beginning of the second [week] in June," he told reporters last week.

lyle6 wrote:Now if they could only just pay back in a currency that isn't toilet paper....