Future Russian Aircraft Carriers and Deck Aviation. #2

He talks about them needing infrastructure to base these new ships, and experience in other ships before building them... by 2028 they will have two 40K ton helicopter carriers, and I rather suspect the plans are to have at least two more if they are OK and four more if they are good ships... I suspect if they make four that two will be fitted out as landing ships carrying naval infantry units, and the other two will carry helicopters and drones, and they will be used together to support landings and provide local support with ground, sea and air drones as well as extra helicopter support.

As mentioned they are not producing destroyers yet, they will need escort cruisers if they want to operate carriers.

Also he touches on the fact that ground attack and anti ship in the Russian Navy is a missiles thing... aircraft in the Russian Navy have traditionally been air support and air to air defence, but not strike... a lot flying long range supersonic missile does not need an escort and represents a formidable threat to any navy... a hypersonic missile can be used effectively against the best with a good chance of success... more so than any strike aircraft....


But having said that it is natural that the new primary fighter will be a naval Su-57 which is not an F-22 pure fighter... it is a fully multirole strike and fighter interceptor design capable of all sorts of missions.

The Kuznetsov has two short run launch positions and a long run launch position... Flankers taking off from the long run position would have no problem taking off with full weapon and full fuel loadouts because the Su-33 is not intended for strike missions so it never carried 1,500kg bombs an big heavy external fuel tanks.

In air to air loadouts it will carry 2-3 tons of weapons at the most including wingtip jamming pods.

I think the only thing that remains to be seen is whether they will have manned or unmanned fighters.

Most of the details have been worked out over the last 50 years... we have known since the mid 1980s that the plans are for 70-90K ton carrier with nuke propulsion and a Flanker like main fighter, with catapult launch for a decent AWACS platform which is probably more important than the fighters to be honest.

Honestly the more I think about it the more I like the idea of an Airship for AWACS on land and at sea.... something broadly wing shaped like a giant flying wing with a huge flat top that could be used for operating drones from and with a lower surface design that would allow it to land on the water or ground if needed.

Modern composite materials and carbon fibre and glass fibre construction and with fuel cell/water ballast design with solar panels and nuclear power with some sort of tiny nuclear battery to ensure 24/7 radar operations... radar antenna that can be built into the structure of the airship.

The ideal antenna for communicating in low wave radio is a 2km wire antenna normally carried by the Tu-142, which is dangerous for the Bear to use as it needs to be as vertical as possible to work properly meaning very low speed flight... no problem with an airship.

The Airship should be able to fly at about 80-90km/h which should allow it to keep up with the fleet... it could probably climb and get into airstreams to get speed boosts without even using engine power.

Running the radar will generate heat within the structure adding to lift as well...

In terms of operations it could be designed to operate autonomously or in manned mode.... it could fly down to a ship and lower a cage to allow crew on board or could just follow the carrier group around the world in automatic mode.

They could make transport models to deliver odd sized cargos anywhere in the world... no need for radars on those so no need for nuke power...

Waste of time and energy in my opinion, the bean counters use it as an excuse to make ships smaller which just makes them less effective...

The pilots in that video seem to be Indian so maybe this is LMFS... at least one of the models... or perhaps several models from competing companies...

They do not have ships that require them sure they could use them on the two LHD's but there is no reason to develop VTOLs for just two ships.

The number of VTOL fighters they could fit on those helicopter carriers would make them a token force anyway... even Ka-52Ks could operate near the ships looking for low flying threats using their radar and carry quad packs of MANPADS to shoot down incoming anti ship missiles or R-77s for something bigger.

hoom wrote:At MAKS UAC is unveilling a new warplane, there is a distorted shadow shot

Looks a lot like Yak-201/post-Yak-141 drawings/renderings that have been around the net for a long time.

Scuttlebutt is that it will be a 5G light fighter to complement the heavy Su-57.

If Russia did develop a modern VSTOL, who is to say it would be for naval aviation?  It would probably be more useful as a front-line CAS fighter, able to support army units from unprepared fields behind the advance, and do so with a rapid response time.

I've often wondered if Soviets/Russians ever developed CAS aircraft that use diesel instead of (kerosene-based) jet fuel (that would hugely simplify logistics if aircraft could refuel from Army fuellers).  Online info on the use of diesel for jet turbines seem to focus on low temperature issues such as fuel freezing or forming wax crystals to block injectors and filters.  Given Russia is a cold country, I expect that her Army has these issues sorted and has diesel grades that will be suitable for appropriately designed jet turbines? eg T-80 engines?

Dam you know something is a bad idea when I and Garry agree.

I am not always right, and SS is not always wrong of course, but they went down this road with the Yak-38, and the west went down this road with the Harrier and Sea Harrier... the small carriers these aircraft operated from were not good... the new British carriers are similar size to the Kuznetsov and the next French carriers are similar is size and plan to the Ulyanovsk at 75K ton with nuclear power and cats... it is not an accident that US carriers kept getting bigger, but US carriers are intended as strike platforms... a US carrier group is a US strike carrier at its core with US Navy ships around it to protect it... the US carriers don't protect US ships, the US carriers provide the aircraft, just like the US AF does the war and the US army takes and holds the ground... if the US could fight from the air only they would, whether that is USAF or USN air power... it is more hands off, and it makes their technology advantage against most third world countries a bigger advantage than it would be against an enemy with an IADS like Russia.

The Yak-41 was never complete and it was cancelled because it had lots of problems including the fact that it was never going to be a better carrier fighter than a MiG-29 could be upgraded to being... but was more vulnerable to crashes and battle damage.

Scuttlebutt is that it will be a 5G light fighter to complement the heavy Su-57.

The fact that they are talking about it at MAKS suggests they want foreign investors to help pay for it much like the US used its allies to help pay for F-35.

If Russia did develop a modern VSTOL, who is to say it would be for naval aviation?

For land based fighters VSTOL is irrelevant... even in Russia with a fraction of sealed roads per head of population compared with most western countries there is more flat paved motorway than HATO has cratering munitions so they will always be able to find the 300m of flat paved runway they need to operate fighters.

For bombers and big aircraft not so easy, but those airfields are generally rather well defended.

It would probably be more useful as a front-line CAS fighter, able to support army units from unprepared fields behind the advance, and do so with a rapid response time.

There are no VSTOL fighters that can operated from unprepared fields, that is just bullshit... since when has the Harrier ever operated on dirt runways... or something like this:



The Yak-38M were tested in Afghanistan in the 1980s and were awful.... like any VSTOL fighter when their jet engines rotated 90 degrees down to provide lift it shredded the ground and sent great columns of dirt and mud and crap into the air... much of which entering the air intakes and destroying the engines.

If you can't find heat resistent hard surfaces you have to have it with you like PSP (pierced steel planking).... it would be cheaper and easier using attack helicopters most of the time.

I've often wondered if Soviets/Russians ever developed CAS aircraft that use diesel instead of (kerosene-based) jet fuel (that would hugely simplify logistics if aircraft could refuel from Army fuellers).

Exhibit A.

Russia itself needs a single engine VTOL for its future heli carriers and why not for it airforce.

Russia already developed a VTOL fighter for its helicopter carriers... it is called Ka-52K and has full AESA nose mounted radar for the job.

Russia doesn't need VTOLs.

Russia has already been down that road and it was a dead end.

Unless they have some secret new plan to provide VTOL performance without all the serious and performance limiting problems, then there is really no value in a fixed wing VTOL fighter.

I doubt UAC would choose to develop an aircraft solely for export with no domestic orders whatsoever, but if they did I would be impressed with their confidence and more so if it picks up orders.

There is a large market for a MiG-21 replacement that is affordable.... the current MiG products of the MiG-29M and MiG-29KR and MiG-35 show they have a cheaper simpler model with growth potential to the expensive model and they have a naval carrier model.

They have said a single engine which suggests no lift jets, which suggests to me that VSTOL is unlikely as well as being undesired... a modern 5th gen fighter with a thrust to weight ratio that is 1.5-2 to one should be a very sprightly performer but lacking differential roll control with just having one engine nozzle would certainly limit potential performance.

And for a potential future large carrier I'd rather they bring the naval Su-57 into play rather than some gimped single engine.

The VSTOL might just be for export, the helicopter carriers should stick to helicopters and a fixed wing carrier supporting the helicopter carriers could have Su-57 and this aircraft in combination to increase numbers... but not as a VSTOL, but as a conventional take off and landing aircraft like the Su-57 would.

Smaller aircraft that hang around the ships is a good thing for an air defence carrier.

Especially if they can be more affordable to buy and to operate.

Most have small heli carriers of something like Kuznetsov that can't carry regular planes so such 5th gen vtol can be of interest for them.

In the Russian Navy these new 40K ton helicopter carriers are actually landing ships and the Russian Navy Infantry don't need a Harrier type aircraft to support landing operations when Ka-52s exist, not to mention their new helicopters on the way... I would say it would be more valuable getting Mi-38 helicopters on their helicopter carriers than VSTOL fighter aircraft.

Their new carrier is likely to be bigger than the K but the K can already operate fixed wing CTOL fighters anyway... it only would use cats to get AWACS like heavier aircraft airborne.

It's definitely for VKS as well as export, nobody develops brand new plane without domestic orders

They might be interested in international partners to share the cost and the risk of development... the announcement at MAKS suggests it will be export oriented...

As for S/VTOL I think that airplane is designed with possibility of adding that option later but basic model will absolutely​ be standard take off and landing version, VKS wants their stuff straightforward and fast and they are main customers here regardless of what advertising says

It was the V that turned the F-35 into a dog... the internal space to allow a large engine powered fan be placed inside ruined its aerodynamics, and the amount of internal space such a fan occupies ruins the range performance of the aircraft when it is fitted too. Even the Brits bought the cat launched model...

Any later investments in development of any S/VTOL version would indicate that they plan to build way more than just 2 of those helicopter carriers

Any investment in VTOL will be covered by foreign investors, but I am pretty sure they will keep a careful eye and unless serious breakthroughs are possible it will be ditched or separated from the core fighter which will be STOL... like any 5th light fighter should be... big engine, light weight aircraft, all weapons normally internal only so low drag... it should be a very STOL aircraft quite naturally.

Should point out that the LMFS and PAK Sha projects (specifically replacement for MiG-29/35 and replacement for Su-25 programmes) are different and separate as attempts to get the light fighter aircraft to replace the CAS aircraft have all been failures on both sides, whether it was air to ground versions of the lighter fighter (MiG-29 and F-16(A-16)) or light aircraft like the Yak-130 variants... the problems of protection from small arms fire requiring armour and for light fighters to be light and nimble are too contradictory...