The complex of active protection of silo launchers of the ICBM of the Strategic Missile Forces. The development of the active defense system of the MBU missile defense system from the attack of the ballistic missile warheads (including the ICBMs) was carried out by the machine-building design bureau (Kolomna) under the general guidance of SP Nepovedy since the mid-1970s. Chief Designer of KAZ - N.I. Guschin. In 1979, the department of KBM, which was engaged in the creation of the KAZ product "171" was headed by V.M. Kashin (headed the department in 1979 to 1985). Creating complex directly oversaw the Soviet Defense Minister Ustinov and it is believed that the complex was designed to protect future ICBM silos R-36M2 "Voivod" .
Although the creation of the infrastructure for testing the complex was started in 1980-1981, the USSR Council of Ministers’s Resolution on the development and testing in real conditions at the Kura test site of the experimental complex was issued only in 1984. The creation of the system involved 250 enterprises of 22 ministries. Probably, in the second half of the 1980s - the beginning of the 1990s, the prototype of the KAZ ShPU MBR passed tests at the Kura test site on Kamchatka Peninsula (military unit 25522, Klyuchi-1).
For testing at the Kura test site, probably between 1985 and 1988 An imitation of a mine-type PU of an ICBM of the OS type was built, and a prototype of an active protection complex was placed around the silo silo. During the tests in the late 1980s, a low-altitude non-nuclear interception of an imitator of an ICBM combat unit launched from the Plesetsk test site (according to other data from Baikonur) was first carried out. Also some late sources report that several such interceptions have been carried out (source - Gundarov ).
State tests of the experimental installation of the product "171" completed in September 1991 (the source - Gundarov). Funding for work was discontinued in August 1991. This development did not contradict the 1972 ABM Treaty. In 2012, the media reported on the possible resumption of work on the development of KAZ ShPU ICBM.
Data on KAZ "Mozyr" in many respects are unconfirmed and probabilistic-conjectural in nature. Many conclusions on the KAZ are made by assumptions. The name "product 171" is mentioned by some late sources ( ist. - Gundarov ).
The schematic diagram of the complex of the active protection of the silo MBU product "171" / OCD "Mozyr" (http://militaryrussia.ru).
After decommissioning, ICBMs of type 15A18-1 / SS-18mod.4 SATAN were used for commissioning of experimental units damaged by an experimental missile defense system. Also, these missiles were used to launch ballistic targets in the interests of developing a system of salvo firing with core strike elements (OCD "Mazyr"). An inert target block and, together with VNIIEF, a telemetric target block were created for the Mozyr topic.
One of the structures at the DIP facility at Kura, Kamchatka. The mobile support module from the Pioneer missile system was used during the work on the Mozyr design and development work. Photo - no earlier than 2008 and no later than the fall of 2010 (photo from the archive http://www.club-polekura.ru ).
The territory of the object DIP at the site Kura, Kamchatka. In 1988, the “Mozyr” missile defense system of the machine-building design bureau was allegedly tested at the DIP-1 facility. Photo - no later than autumn 2010 (photo from the archive http://www.club-polekura.ru ).
The test location of the KAZ on the subject of OCD "Mozyr" has not been precisely determined, but it is probably the object of DIP-1 (Additional Measuring Point) of the Strategic Missile Forces test site at Kamchatka. Presumably at the facility were installed multi-automated systems to destroy the warhead ballistic missiles. KP system during testing was approximately 6 km from the defended object. After the first successful experiment - testing the system with the defeat of the MSBRs in the descending part of the trajectory - according to the decision of the country's leadership several more tests were conducted. All of them were successful. According to the conclusion of Academician Yu.B. Khariton, the defeat of the nuclear MFBs by the core elements of the KAZ with a high probability should have prevented the initiation of the nuclear charge. After august 1991
The DIP-1 facility was part of the military unit 40220 and was located approximately 20 km from Shiveluch volcano. The tests were carried out from the DIP facility with a helipad and residential infrastructure. Objects VP-1 and VP-2 (remote observation points) were also involved. During the tests, KAZ personnel and guards were removed from the object DIP-1.
To move cargo in the interests of building a missile defense facility from Vladivostok to Kamchatka, about 250 air cargo and passenger flights were made.
Principal deviceKAZ - several hundred barrels with a propelling charge and a propelling element-rod of high-strength steel alloy. The speed of meeting warheads and multiple missiles is about 6 km / s. Destruction of the warhead-targets mechanical. A synchronized volley ejects shells with a volumetric cloud of a certain density, which concentrates on the trajectory of the attack of the attacking warhead. The system is equipped with an electronic target detection, targeting and salvo system. The KAZ control system is fully automatic and probably works without operator participation.
According to unconfirmed data, one KAZ installation had 80 barrels.
Control system and guidance : presumably for testing the KAZ at the Kura (Kamchatka) test site, general targeting with the RSN-225 radar was usedcomplex of observations 5K17 (pos.Krutoberegovo).
The development of information tools directly at the complex of the defense of the silos was conducted by NPO Fazotron (General Designer A.G.Nevostruev, later - A.I. Canaschenkov).
The development of the complex radar was carried out by the Research Institute of Instrument Engineering (Zhukovsky, V.K. Grishin, V.V. Matyashev, A. A. Rastov, E. A. Pigin, V. A. Kapustin, G. V. Petryaev, I. I. Domenikov). The creation of an experimental model of the radar was carried out in conjunction with the Research Institute "Rassvet" (Ryazan, P.A. Kolodina, V.P. Strakhova, E.D. Shershneva).
The development of the control system of the complex was carried out by TsNIIAG (chief designer - A.S. Parfenov).
Status : USSR
- 1987-1988. (tentatively) - successful tests of KAZ on the subject of ROC "Mozyr" at the Kura test site for real purpose simulators.
- 2007 - a tender for land recultivation after the destruction of silos in military unit 25522, Klyuchi-1 was announced on the state procurement website. Customer RVSN. At the same time, it is known for certain. that silos for ballistic missiles are absent at the Kura test site. Based on the above (see the article), it was concluded that, probably, the tender was supposed to reclaim the residual silo, used during the tests of KAZ, silo, ICBM as a defensive object.
Sources :
Gundarov V. No day without a complex. // Radio-electronic technology. №2 / 2018.
Invincible S.P. Weapons of two eras. M., 2010.
Invincible Russian designer. Website http://www.za-nauku.ru , 2011.
Paul Kura. Website http://www.club-polekura.ru , 2011
Called by time. Missiles and spacecraft design office "Yuzhnoye". Under the general editorship of S.N.Konyuhova. Dnepropetrovsk, "Art-Press", 2004.
Ptichkin S. “Arena” by Sergei Invincible. As in the USSR, they successfully created and tested a complex of active protection of strategic objects from high-precision nuclear missiles. // Ruska Pravda. August 7, 2009
C-300. Low-altitude missile interception system. Website http://www.novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru , 2009-2011
Strategic missile system R-36M2 Voyevoda (15P018M) with an ICBM 15A18M. Website http://rbase.new-factoria.ru , 2009
What was the active protection complex of ICBM mines? Website http://russbalt.livejournal.com , 2008
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