3M22 Zircon Hypersonic Cruise Missile

GarryB wrote:The engine in the SR-71 at its core is a turbojet but it allows air to bypass the turbojet engine.

The turbojet is used to take off and for low speed flight but in flight at speeds faster than mach 2 it has very little air going through the turbojet engine... it is all bypass air acting as a scramjet.

How do you know the new scramjets cannot operate with subsonic airflow as a ramjet?

Ramjets and scramjets will operate at almost any forward speed and are very simple in terms of the number of parts they have.

A rocket motor accelerates them to speed but it does not need to accelerate them to enormous speeds on a very long range weapon.

GarryB wrote:[
Refer to photo posted above of I-15 biplane with two ramjets that operated at well below mach 0.5 and generated enough thrust to overcome their own drag and weight and accelerate the aircraft to a higher flight speed than was otherwise able to manage.

Efficiency is not important if it is only flying at that speed for a short while.



A scramjet is a supersonic combustion ramjet. There is no reason a scramjet needs a supersonic airflow through it to operate... it could operate as a ramjet at lower speeds.


So then why does Moskit fly at mach 2.5 at high altitude and mach 1.8 at low altitude?

Why also does the MiG-25 fly at Mach 2.83 at high altitude and 1,500km/h at sea level?



Why?

A scramjet is a type of ramjet that allows the fuel to burn at supersonic speeds inside the airflow of the combustion chamber of the engine.

The TSAGi have wind tunnels that operate up to mach 7, so why would they not be able to test scramjet engines in them?


No it does not... current missile designs will use the cavity where the scramjet engine burns fuel for solid rocket fuel because it only has to work once.

For an aircraft conventional turbofan engines can be used to get the aircraft into the air and climbing... as it accelerates it can increase the bypass air ratio until all the air is bypassing the turbojet section and you have a ramjet... increase speed and burn fuel supersonically and you have a scramjet... and you can keep accelerating as fast as the heat resistance of your aircraft and power fo your engines allow.

• Thrust is multiple times higher, than in high altitude.
  
• cw value is from Mach 1 - 2 more uncomfortable, than above.
  
• speed is going in to square, so a slightly speed reduction has great impact.
  
• the range is really 1/3, due to higher fuel consumption.
  

Azi wrote:Garry is right! There is a scramjet operating at 200 mph. Technical there is no problem to operate a scramjet subsonic. But on the other hand a scramjet built for hypersonic speeds will simply not work in subsonic area, or with very poor thrust.

That's what I meant with Zirkon, the Scramjet operates at supersonic speed. If it will work under Mach 1 the booster could be smaller or no booster would be needed. The Scramjet of Zirkon is optimized for hypersonic. So I was talking about Zirkon Scramjet, not about Scramjet general ;P ;D

What you simply forget @Singular is that at low altitude...

• Thrust is multiple times higher, than in high altitude.
  
• cw value is from Mach 1 - 2 more uncomfortable, than above.
  
• speed is going in to square, so a slightly speed reduction has great impact.
  
• the range is really 1/3, due to higher fuel consumption.
  

So it's really complicated! It's clear that at low altitude Zirkon is slower, but take a look at Garry's post! The Zirkon would not only be Mach 0,2 faster, than Moskit, if Zirkon has three times the speed of Moskit in high altitude!!! This makes no sense.

At the end we will see in 1 or 2 years the real stats of Zirkon and not only speculation.

GarryB wrote:An I-15 Biplane was used for testing of early ramjets...

The fuel explodes - the flight is normal

There are being created engines for hypersonic missiles of the future
Successful tests of the so-called detonation rocket engines have yielded very interesting results. Experimental design work in this direction will be continued.

Detonation is an explosion. Is it possible to make it manageable? Is it possible to create hypersonic weapons based on such engines? Which rocket engines will take unmanned and manned spacecraft into near space? This is our conversation with the deputy general director - chief designer of NPO Energomash named after academician VP Glushko, Pyotr Levochkin.

Can I use a detonation engine in hypersonic rockets?


Peter Levochkin: And you can, and you need to. At least because the combustion of fuel in it is supersonic. And in those engines, which are now trying to create controlled hypersonic aircraft, subsonic combustion. And this creates a lot of problems. After all, if the combustion in the engine is subsonic, and the engine flies, say, at a speed of five mahs (one mah is equal to the speed of sound), one must counter the flow of air to the sound mode. Accordingly, the entire energy of this braking passes into heat, which leads to an additional overheating of the structure.

And in the detonation engine, the combustion process proceeds at a speed of at least two and a half times higher than the sound speed. And, accordingly, we can increase the speed of the aircraft by this amount. That is, we are already talking not about five, but about eight mahas. This is actually achievable to date, the speed of aircraft with hypersonic engines, which will use the principle of detonation combustion.

TheArmenian wrote:A glimpse at a Russian Hypersonic missile



You can see it at 0:14 on this trailer of Voennaya Priomka that will be aired this sunday:

The only difference between a ramjet and a scramjet is the fact that a scramjet can burn fuel at supersonic speed... otherwise they are both ramjets.

This suggests that a scramjet should be able to operate in ramjet mode at low speed....

hoom wrote:Confirmation it does actually fit in UKSK then.

I wonder if there'll be torpedo-tube sub version or just for Yasen sub-UKSK?