04.08.2009
Today the People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) said that 82 th anniversary of its establishment. Celebrations are taking place against the background that only resulted in a joint Russian-Chinese anti-terrorist exercises «Peaceful Mission - 2009». They PLA showed a mature and highly well-equipped modern army weapons, capable of safely to ensure the security of their country. A Chinese army troops - well-trained and vysokodistsiplinirovannymi.
Two weeks «Peace Mission» China flew as one day. During this time, having the opportunity to personally observe the lives of Chinese, to learn about the country much more than in all previous «Clubs kinoputeshestvy». Проникся know and respect the people of China, to its army. Made for a main conclusion: China - is seriously, very seriously ...
The Chinese love the name, veyuschie grandiloquence and to highlight the greatness of their accomplishments. Even his «Hammer» called «Our experience warrior» (translation). This may be treated without any share of irony, and even with the understanding, as it is in no way affects their good and respectful attitude towards his guests, and even more so to the neighbors, bringing to the country of new knowledge, transferring them to new practical skills. Evidence of this can be and the zeal with which they have begun to address the effects of a small hurricane, which swept over the field camp participants exercises «Peaceful Mission - 2009». Damage to property and equipment of Russian and Chinese armies, estimated at several locations rickety fence. Nevertheless, this small natural PE once again demonstrated the Chinese attitude to the Russians - PLA soldiers rushed to help eliminate the effects of «joked element» is up to them in the first place and then started to fight for their own «survival».
Perhaps it should be noted and the readiness of Chinese to come to the aid of any other matters concerning not only the machinations of Mother Nature. As one of our officers, PLA soldiers sincerely ready to help anytime and anywhere, share their life experiences, give tips for living in China, though travel expenses. The other case - the highly sensitive in matters relating directly to the national armed forces. Here you will be useful analytical mind in order to connect together the tight-fisted about their numbers, weapons and combat capabilities. However, it is sufficient to maintain the load of thinking process.
Planned expenditures
The current strength of the People's Liberation Army of China is 2.3 million, while in 1997 it had all three. The military budget in 2008 increased by 17.6 percent, reaching a mark of 58.8 billion dollars. However, the Chinese themselves as in personal conversations, both formally and note that for twenty years, the cost of gosoboronu increased by only 15.36 per cent. At the same time, expenditure on education increased by 22.5 percent, health care - at 20.9 percent, social insurance and employment - at 23.1 per cent, the preservation of the environment - at 22.3 percent, ensuring a peaceful life and construction - to 199.6 per cent. In the same year, the budget for defense is 480.686 billion yuan (about 68.5 billion dollars), representing 6.3 per cent of the expenditure budget. These figures quoted Chinese Defense Minister Colonel-General Liang Guanle, knows almost every Chinese soldiers, not to mention the war journalists, and the «shoot» them to within one hundredth ...
Five steps forward
A moderate increase in defense spending in China has its own explanation. According to the minister of defense, it is due to the following factors. First, China is a developing nation that has not yet fully united. He has a vast territory, large population, the land border of over 22,800 km, the coastal line of more than 32 thousand km (including 18 square kilometers of coastal line on the mainland and the island's 14 square kilometers of coastal line), as well as the related area of water area, more than 3 million square meters. km. And since the situation with the external environment is rather complicated, the task of safeguarding the sovereignty, security and territorial integrity of the country facing the leadership of the state very seriously.
Secondly, against the backdrop of rapid development of changes in the military in the world, China is required to strengthen the modernization of the troops and to increase investment in informatizatsionnoe construction, increase the provision for the establishment of high-tech weaponry and equipment.
The third is to serve the interests of improving the incomes of civil servants and the living standards of urban and rural population, the state several years, diligently engaged in the problems associated with ordering the issuance of allowances and grants the military, improve the living conditions of soldiers and officers, to guarantee that the standard of living of military personnel will be able to continuously rise.
And fourthly, said Liang Guanle, China should increase the possibility of the army to take urgent measures to rescue operations during disasters, to ensure stability during the anti-terrorist actions and other non-military action, to explore, develop and supply the necessary equipment, organize and deploy the necessary training and exercises.
The fifth, China must seek to engage in international cooperation, said Minister of Defense, to comply with international obligations, continuously strengthen and expand military exchanges and cooperation with the outside world, to expand its participation in UN peacekeeping, international anti-terrorist activities, action to provide emergency strikes on piracy, in co-operation on regional security, to protect peace and stability throughout the world, to show the image of a responsible power.
Strictly speaking, this is the basic directions in which direction the Chinese army is moving, and moving with some success. From 1988 to 2008, 11,063 Chinese peacekeepers have taken part in 18 UN operations. Eight people were killed. Currently, 1,952 Chinese peacekeepers are serving in nine areas of conflict and commanding troops for UN peacekeeping. China ranked first among the permanent members of UN Security Council on the number of peacekeepers - the participants of United Nations missions.
At the height of prestige
Currently, the age at PLA - 18. The duration of military service - two years. Because of the significant human resources pereizbytka appeal is selective. Command has the opportunity to take in the best army. Male 18-35 years old, is not designed for military service, are in service in the reserve in the system of popular militias, now numbering more than 36 million people. It is seen as organized armed reserve PLA and the basis of the partisan movement.
The last few years, state continuously improves the living conditions of military pay raises and compensation payments for the food ration, which generally promotes the army, its personnel officers. For example, Major General of the Army receives about 5.5 thousand yuan (1 yuan equals to 4.7 rubles), Lieutenant Colonel - about six, a colonel - of about seven (excluding reimbursements).
According to our interlocutors, the right to a pension from the military comes after thirty years of service and makes it 90 percent of pay at the time of dismissal. As a promotion the armed forces can increase its size to 95 per cent. In the event of early termination of military service instead of a pension is paid a so-called monthly allowance in the amount depending on the number of prosluzhennyh years. For example, a colonel, served for 25 years, will receive it in the amount of 85 per cent of pay at the time of dismissal, 20 years - down another 10 percent. By the way, the age limit of stay in the military service of Major General is 60 years old, a Lieutenant General - 65 years, and the Colonel-General - 70.
Are the officers in question and the benefits of home ownership. In homes, rebuilt military, they have the right to purchase one square meter at a cost of about $ 600 instead of the market 2 thousand - the price of homes on the outskirts of Beijing (in each city, county and province of their prices per square meter respectively, and reduced the price changes for troops).
Usually dressed in military uniforms seeking young people from poor rural areas, since the army provides them with shelter and a stable salary. Military is to a large number of young people the main goal in life. Since last year the army of the cities and county centers began to recruit young people with higher and professional education. Improved educational qualification and rural youth, call in the army - from elementary school to higher secondary schools at secondary level. The selection of the same candidates for admission to military schools is extremely hard - in one place in the school through the screening sieve year trying to break up to 11 thousand people.
Technological step
The prestige of military service in China is explained by the fact that in recent years in the PLA began to receive modern equipment and weapons. These include tanks Touré Touré-98 and-96, self-propelled artillery installation 2S23, ACS (WAC-021) and MRL (A-100, WM-80, WS-1) domestic production, anti-aircraft missile systems «Tor-M1» . Chinese fighter aircraft since the early 1990's rearming on the newest aircraft Su-27 (the Chinese name of J-11) and Su-30 (J-12). Another contemporary Chinese fighter is considered to be J-10, which is established on the basis of the Israeli «Laavi». There are scores of seven of these fighters, and after a few years they will have about three hundred. The average strike of Chinese pilots in modern fighters is 200 hours per year.
Last year, China introduced at its international air show a wide range of aviation equipment, standing on the weapons the Air Force. Most samples show for the first time. Thus, with professional shows and the audience were a fighter-bomber «Feybao» ( «Flying Leopard»), fighters «Jian-8» and «Jian-10», training supersonic L-15, tanker aircraft, helicopters « Zhi-9 »,« Zhi-8 », transport aircraft« Yun-8 ». Overall, it was billed on 16 planes and helicopters.
Someone, of course, can argue - they say, know what are these new items! But our experts say that in fact is the Chinese army in the technologically advanced - it is a hybrid of the world's most advanced technology, and Russian, and Western. And it has fairly modest organizational, operational and strategic opportunities can be increased significantly in the near future. At present, PLA is preparing to conduct large-scale military exercises «Big Step - 2009». They will be attended by 50,000 people from 4 military regions - Shenyang, Lanchzhouskogo, Tszinanskogo and Guanchzhouskogo. These complex exercises designed to strengthen the military capabilities of China in the information war. This course will be checked by the ability of military commanders to work in a team and make decisions taking into account the views of military experts, to conduct military operations involving ground and air assault troops, to operate in an environment complicated by the strong electromagnetic radiation. The exercise will involve more than 6,000 vehicles, heavy weapons. The troops will overcome during the maneuvers, a total of 50,000 km and make a march-throw on the 2.000 km.
The strength of China - in its ability to learn and change. Past exercises «Peaceful Mission - 2009» is demonstrated particularly strong. Soldiers of the Chinese army very carefully studied the Russian experience of conducting such exercises, the accumulated energy over the practice of anti-terrorist operations. Interesting piece - all the movements of our units in the field of educational battle Chinese meticulously recorded on video and even film. It is worth noting, and a good knowledge of many Chinese officers in the Russian language, the development of which takes place at the Academy of PLA and the military university. However, asked the Chinese comrades almost everything related to Russia, with its armed forces and their new appearance. We can say that the PLA soldiers - diligent and tenacious students ...
At the end of January 2009 Book of Chinese army unveiled a report which identified the prospects of development of national defense, as well as the objectives, strategies and planned expenditure in this area. According to this information, the main focus of the Chinese Government plans to make information and mechanization of power structures, and in the future, Beijing will stick to the strategy «active defense».
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