Russia challenges Italy's pasta power, by Olga Samofalova for VZGLYAD. 08.29.2024.
Russia, as a world leader in wheat exports, is simultaneously increasing exports of processed wheat products. Supplies of Russian flour have been growing for four years now, and now it is the turn of pasta products to take off. The profitability of their exports is several times higher than the profitability of wheat exports.
Russia is the world leader in wheat exports, but in recent years it has begun to actively develop exports of processed grain products in parallel. For several years now, Russia has been increasing its flour exports, and now it has begun to increase exports of even more deeply processed products – pasta.
In the first seven months of 2024, pasta exports from Russia increased by 20% to 65 thousand tons, the federal center "Agroexport" of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation reports. Last year, exports also grew: for the whole year, they increased by 8% to 118 thousand tons. This year, the result is expected to be higher. Moreover, the trend towards growth in pasta exports from Russia is expected in the next at least six years. The Ministry of Agriculture expects Russian pasta exports to grow to 200 thousand tons by 2030.
On a global scale, Russia's position is still small. Russia currently occupies 12th place with a share of 1.5%, but we are clearly striving to take a larger share. In total, 7.8 million tons of pasta were supplied to the world last year. The world leaders in export are Italy, Turkey and China.
Russia has no equal in the world in wheat exports. We are also making great progress in flour exports. Deliveries here have been growing for four years in a row. In the first seven months of 2024, Russia supplied more than 740 thousand tons of wheat and wheat-rye flour. This is 38% more than a year earlier. Our flour is purchased by Afghanistan, China and Iraq. These are the top three importers of domestic flour.
By 2030, Russia may increase flour exports to 1.7 million tons, Agroexport calculated. Supplies can be expanded by developing new markets in neighboring countries, Asia, the Persian Gulf, and Africa.
However, the profitability of exporting processed products is higher than that of raw materials.
"Pasta is several times more expensive than the wheat used in its production. For Russia, this ratio is 2.5 times, and for leading wheat exporters - 4.4 times. This price gap is further confirmation of the growth potential of Russian exports," says Denis Ternovsky, leading researcher at the Center for Agro-Food Policy of the IPEI of the Presidential Academy.
However, the volumes of wheat and pasta exports are, of course, very incomparable. "The export of pasta is practically invisible against the background of wheat exports both in Russia and among large grain exporters. In value terms, it is 0.3% and 1.2%, and in physical terms - 0.1% and 0.3%, respectively," notes Ternovsky.
These figures, according to him, show that Russia lags behind other countries with grain resources both in the physical volume of supplies and in the price of exported products. Therefore, it is logical to expect a multiple increase in the export of pasta from Russia. In addition, the growth of pasta supplies can be facilitated by export duties on grain, since raw materials are cheaper for Russian processors than for competitors on the world market, Ternovsky adds.
Increasing the export of both flour and pasta is much more difficult than grain exports, including because these markets are very competitive, and it is difficult for new players to break through. In addition, wheat is much cheaper to transport than pasta.
However, increasing supplies of finished products, and not just raw materials, is extremely important for the country's economy as a whole. "Increasing exports of pasta contribute to the growth of non-raw material, non-energy exports. This is beneficial both for companies that increase business sustainability and gain new sales markets, and for the state, which receives growth in industrial production, a decrease in unemployment, and an increase in the share of taxes in the budget," says Anastasia Prikladova, associate professor of the International Business Department at the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics.
However, the growth of pasta exports from Russia is beneficial not only for business and the state, but also for the Russian grain market itself. "Higher demand for wheat within Russia will expand the room for maneuver for Russian grain exporters. They will be able to redistribute commodity flows from foreign markets to domestic ones when world prices for wheat fall or the Russian government restricts exports," says Prikladova.
Currently, the largest volume of pasta from Russia is purchased by Kazakhstan, Belarus and Turkmenistan. They account for slightly more than half of all exports in physical terms. Where else can Russian pasta be sold?
"The geographic factor is important in the supply of pasta to the world market, with the exception of Italy with its history of production and brands. It is much more expensive to transport pasta than wheat, and the volume of supplies is affected by the distance between the exporter and importer, as well as the presence of common land borders. Therefore, we can expect an increase in supplies from Russian regions beyond the Urals to Asian countries, as well as from the European part of the country to the Middle East," says Ternovsky.
One of the largest producers of pasta in Russia, the company Makfa, with the support of the Russian Export Center, began cooperating with major distributors in Saudi Arabia and Iran last year.
The company's main production site is located in Chelyabinsk, which has come to be considered the pasta capital of Russia. The company's plans for 2024 include increasing exports by as much as four times.
Depending on the types of pasta, potential sales markets will also differ, Prikladova notes. For example, suppliers of pasta made from durum wheat may compete with Italian producers in the markets of Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Brazil and other countries of the Middle East and Latin America. At the same time, suppliers of instant noodles may expand their business to the Asian and African regions, the expert believes.
https://vz.ru/economy/2024/8/29/1284349.html