On the artillery war and logistics Part II
How much ammunition Ukraine had and how long will last?
I said a consumption of 10,000 tons or artillery ammo for 2016. Same if not higher for 2015, averaging the quiet periods post Minsk 2 and 3, with the winter battles culminating in Debaltsevo pocket. Perhaps double that for 2014.
So there has been a consumption of 50.000 tons in 3 years of war. For artillery shells alone. And my estimates are based only using 20 kilos for each individual shells of 122mm caliber. The heavy artillery shells of 152mm caliber are 60 kilos each. If only 1 in every 5 shells fired is heavy caliber, that would drive up the figure to 75.000 tons.
...
Fortunately digging around I found how much was left by 2013
https://day.kyiv.ua/en/article/economy/nato-and-utilization-ammunition-ukraine
Excerpt:
So there it is there were 300 kilotons of ammo of all kinds at the beginning of the war. Of wich about half are artillery munitions. That leaves 150 Kt, of wich already consumed 100.000 tons. So there are 50K of artillery ammunition remaining. At the present rate, just enough ammo for one year more. Less if there are major battles and rocket consumption is taken into account.
I may have underestimated the amounts of artillery ammunition available. I figured out it was half of the total. Perhaps the tonnage of small arms ammunition, aviation bombs, and other weapons (mines, hand grenades , RPGs... etc) is much lower than that of artillery shells, bombs and rockets.
On the other hand, reports of the amounts of explosives at Balakleya may be grossly exagerated. Storage capacity was around 150 kilotons. Maybe it was not at full capacity. Chervonets says about 90 KT. Let's say it was only a third and the explosion is slightly larger than the largest ammo explosion to date (40K tons)
Ukrop sources say the depot was 30% of the artillery park. That would mean the Ukrops had remaining 150 kilotons (50K x 3) for artillery ammunition. Still three times as much as I expected, wich does not make sense with the other data. If the Ukrainians had so much ammunition they would not be restricting their use.
Conclusions:
- We don't know how much ammo was stored at the depot, and how much will be salvaged.
- Probably it was only a fraction of the nominal capacity of the dump. 15.000 tons sounds about right.
- We also do not know what kind of ammunition was stored there. If it was old WW2 shells and aviation bombs, though it looks spectacular, does not make any difference.
- It does appear that they had indeed 122mm and 152mm rounds stored there, plus tank gun rounds. With their respective gunpowder.
- Unsure if the ukrains are saying the dump contained one third of all ammunition, or just artillery ammo. It's unclear to me if Cassad is reporting that the Ukrainian artillery is down by 1/3 or that 2/3ds of their ammo is blown up.
With a little luck, the Ukrainian army has lost most of its remaining ammunition, though I do not expect them to have concentrated most of their reserves in one place, though Kharkov is convenient for logistics.
I may have overestimated consumption or underestimated existing stocks, but if I did make appreciation errors, how come the Ukrainians are so stingy with their heavy artillery and rocket launchers? :hmmm:
I do not think we will be so fortunate that they lost most of their remaining artillery ammunition and war soon will be over, but certainly the loss will be felt. If previously they had, say, one year of fire remaining, now only 9 months. Ukraine forces are deteriorating gradually until the point they are infantry with machine guns and mortars defending static positions. Perhaps then there's the opportunity for a Novorussian liberation offensive.
Unfortunately, unless the regime throws its army on a last death ride, this slow motion carnage will continue throughout all this year, until new governments come in power in Paris and Berlin that are ready to abandon Ukraine and restore ties with Moscow.
EDIT: Just in.
Chervonets has posted this in its blog, quoting Ukrainian sources
Ukraine no longer has almost any heavy missiles and shells. As it became known, at the glowing giant military depots in Balakley (Kharkiv region), after the outbreak of the war in the Donbass,, almost all Ukrainian shells of great caliber were stored hastily brought there from other Ukrainian warehouses in 2014 and 2015.
Ukrainian soldiers who served in these warehouses, on the grounds of anonymity and for a monetary reward, told Ukrainian deputies from the opposition party Oleg Lyashko that the following items were kept in warehouses:
- 75% of the tank shells,
- all missiles of the systems "Tochka-U", "Smerch", "Hurricane", "
- about 80% of rocekts of MLRS "Grad",
- about 90% of shells for the "Peony", (203mm)
- at least 75% of the "Msta-C", "Acacia", and Hyacinth (152mm)
- 100% of the "Carnation". (122mm)