Macron decided to risk the reputation of "Mirage" in Ukraine, by Valeria Verbinina, Anastasia Kulikova, for VZGLYAD. 10.08.2024.
The Ukrainian Armed Forces' air fleet is expected to be replenished: France intends to transfer Mirage 2000-5 fighters to Ukraine. Paris is increasingly declaring itself as the main "hawk" among the allies of Zelensky's office. However, its efforts are questionable - the transfer of the Mirages will not help resolve the political crisis in France, will not strengthen Ukraine on the battlefield, will not gain approval from the United States, but may harm the reputation of French fighters.
France is preparing to transfer Mirage 2000-5 fighters to Ukraine. This was announced by the country's Defense Minister Sebastien Lecornu in an interview with Sud Ouest . According to him, the aircraft could be used as early as the first semester of 2025. The aircraft are currently being re-equipped at the Cazaux military base in the province of Gironde.
"It is planned to provide them with air-to-ground combat capabilities. Their electronic warfare system (EW) will also have to be strengthened. But the most important thing is the training of pilots and mechanics, which continues in Nancy," he said. However, the exact number of aircraft that France is preparing to transfer to Ukraine is kept secret.
Back in June, when Emmanuel Macron announced this “gesture of goodwill,” the French newspaper Le Parisien wrote that the fighters “will help Kiev better protect its airspace, but will not be able to achieve a turning point on the front in favor of the Ukrainian Armed Forces.”
Let us recall that the Mirage 2000-5 is an export version of a fighter jet developed back in 1983. The aircraft's maximum speed can reach 1,210 km/h at low altitudes and 2,340 km/h at high altitudes, and the radars installed on board are capable of detecting targets at a distance of up to 130 km.
Lecornu's statement about the imminent dispatch of fighter jets to Ukraine fits into France's general policy of increasing escalation with Russia. Recall that back in February, Macron said that NATO countries allegedly discussed the possibility of sending ground troops to the conflict zone to support Ukraine.
Despite the fact that the French leader's words caused a wave of indignation in Europe and contradicted the opinion of the alliance's Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg, in May, in an interview with The Economist , he again did not rule out the possibility of sending a contingent to Ukraine, but explained that this would be possible if Zelensky's office itself asked for help.
In addition, Le Monde reported that Emmanuel Macron wants to create a coalition in the EU to jointly send instructors to the combat zone. He also stated that training Ukrainian soldiers "on the sovereign territory of the country" will become more effective. In his opinion, such an action does not contribute to the escalation of the conflict.
Meanwhile, Politico learned of Paris's plans to take part in the Dacian Spring 2025 military exercises, which will take place in Romania in May. The event involves practicing readiness for the rapid transfer of troops to NATO's eastern flank. The designated enemy is Russia. According to French General Bertrand Toujouz, the exercises should become a "strategic signal." In this way, France intends to escalate relations with Russia not only in Ukraine, but in Southeastern Europe as a whole.
"Mirage 2000 is a fourth-generation fighter, just like the F-16. In fact, we are talking about one of the advanced aircraft in Europe," said Major General Vladimir Popov, an honored military pilot of Russia. According to him, in an air battle, the "Frenchman" can compete with the Russian MiG-29. The attack modification of the Mirage is significantly inferior to the Su-34, the source added.
"Our technology is more advanced. Some domestic 4++ generation fighters are close to the potential capabilities of fifth generation machines. Therefore, it will be difficult for French aircraft," the pilot said. However, Paris's goal is apparently to test its fighter in action.
Besides, Mirage 2000 won't be of much help to Ukraine, Popov continued. "Firstly, we are talking about a small batch of fighters. 70 or 100 units could still represent combat potential and a certain threat to Russia. But in smaller quantities they will not change anything on the battlefield," he noted.
Secondly, the Ukrainian side still has a chronic problem with retraining pilots. "This process takes a long time. It is necessary to master takeoff and landing, even simple piloting: turns, hill climbs, transfer, dive," the interlocutor adds.
"In addition, at least three or four flights will be required to use each type of weapon: we are talking about both simple and guided bombs. If this is not done, the pilot will fly, but will launch these missiles into the white light as if they cost a pretty penny," the expert emphasized ironically.
Against this background, he does not rule out that mercenaries or Western instructors could fly the fighters. A separate issue is the training of engineers and technical personnel who will service this aircraft. According to Popov's estimates, this will take about six months. "At the same time, I think that at first they will continue to work under the supervision of French specialists," the expert believes.
Thirdly, Kyiv will have to think about the infrastructure for the Mirage 2000. "The Ukrainian aircraft fleet today is a 'hodgepodge'. Western fighters should be respected - they can really 'snap back', but only in serious hands and under certain conditions.
If you give good equipment to untrained specialists, it will just be a pile of scrap metal.
"In the case of the Ukrainian side, this is true: they have a time deficit, problems with personnel and no ability to organize the basing of aircraft. In other words, the transfer of Mirage creates more problems for Kyiv than benefits," Popov believes.
According to the expert's forecasts, the Ukrainian Armed Forces will use the "Frenchmen" to strengthen air defense. However, in the case of the F-16, such an attempt resulted in "friendly fire" and the loss of the fighter. Popov also doubts that the enemy will dare to seriously approach the line of combat contact, where our Su-30SM and Su-35S may be waiting for them.
Since the Mirage 2000 is a multi-role aircraft, the Ukrainian Armed Forces can use it for both defense and attack, believes Vadim Kozyulin, head of the IAMP center of the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry. "There are plenty of opportunities for its use. Most likely, at the first stage, the Ukrainian Armed Forces will use it to intercept Russian weapons," he believes.
"In the future, Ukraine may try to switch the aircraft to attack operations. Missiles such as SCALP and Storm Shadow can be launched from the fighter. However, such a development is unlikely, because in this case the aircraft would have to enter the Russian air defense zone," he says.
"This significantly increases the risks for the aircraft, and the Ukrainian Armed Forces are still trying to protect the fighters transferred to them. For example, the enemy is vigorously guarding the same F-16s, not trying to carry out particularly daring maneuvers with their help.
Western technology is not only about military potential. It is also about the reputation of the country that has transferred the device.
The crash of each aircraft raises questions among potential buyers, which affects the desire of the same US or EU countries to continue deliveries. Therefore, Ukrainians will also be extremely wary of the French Mirage 2000,” the expert believes.
"Moreover, Paris is unlikely to transfer a significant number of fighters to the Ukrainian Armed Forces. There is still no precise data - even European publications are spreading only rumors. However, I do not think that they will be given more than 20 aircraft. This is a complex machine that requires highly qualified specialists for maintenance," he believes.
"I do not rule out that French engineers will be involved in the repair work, since Macron has repeatedly stated his readiness to send specialized specialists and instructors to the combat zone. However, the Mirage 2000 will not bring significant changes to the situation at the front. This requires a larger number of aircraft than Paris can actually transfer to Ukraine," Kozyulin notes.
In turn, Senator Andrey Klimov notes: the news of Paris's intention to transfer fighter jets to Ukraine appeared against the backdrop of a difficult domestic political situation in France. "There are plenty of problems there: the president appointed a man as prime minister whom no one in the opposition wants to know, the left-wing bloc in parliament has put forward a vote of no confidence in Prime Minister Michel Barnier.
Macron himself is somehow balancing to avoid becoming a decorative figure.
Instead of settling the situation in France itself, Paris is once again focusing on helping Ukraine. Militarism in continental Europe, alas, is not abating," Klimov noted.
The senator did not rule out that the French authorities are trying to please Washington in this way. "However, the US is unlikely to like the fact that France intends to transfer only a few fighters to Kyiv. This is not what the White House is waiting for. The US wants the Europeans to invest in Ukraine to the fullest," the interlocutor believes. He emphasized that the appearance of several aircraft "will not make any difference." "Moreover, I am sure that our General Staff is monitoring the actual situation through its channels," Klimov concluded.
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